The EMG; a Guide and Atlas for Practical Electromyography

abnormal action potentials activity actually affected amplifier amplitude appear artifact bizarre brief Calibration cause changes Chapter circuit clinical concentric needle electrode conduction velocity connected contraction curve differential direct disease disorder duration effort elbow electrical electromyographer evoked potential examination example excite fasciculation fatigue fibrillation figure findings frequency function given greater ground hand illustrated important increased indicate injury insertion interference interpretation latency later lesion less limits maximum mean moderately motor unit potentials movement msec muscle fibers myotonia nerve conduction nerve stimulation neuromuscular normal noted observation obtained occur pain patient pattern placed positive denervation potentials possible practical probably pulse rates recording reduced referred response resting shown shows single fiber skin electrodes slight sometimes summated supplied synchronization technique terminal tracing ulnar nerve usually voltage voluntary waves weakness wrist