great fault with the new archbishop for having come into the town privately by night without any display. By law the garrison of an episcopal city is bound to meet the bishop at his first entrance, and this private arrival they seemed to attribute to parsimony. An archbishop is allowed 10,000 francs by the state for the expenses of first establishment and installation, but when he is translated, as was the case here, he receives only 2000 francs, having received 8000 before as bishop on his first promotion. On the whole, the language of our company partook a good deal of moquerie and persiflage and indifférentisme about religion, which appears to be the prevailing tone, as far as we have seen, among the middle classes.

Rouen by railroad to Paris, Aug. 3, 1844.-We had three young pleasant Irishmen inside our carriage, and one Frenchman, apparently of the substantial class of commerçants. As among other things we happened to speak of the present character of the French as to religion, he made no scruple of declaring that people in general in this country, France, are very indifferent upon that subject; but he observed, that there was a wide distinction in this respect between the inhabitants of the large towns and those of the small villages, especially those of the south of France, where there is a good deal of devotion. He said that the priests in country places were much beloved, and had considerable influence; but that

France as a nation, and by far the greater number of its inhabitants individually, were strongly opposed to all concessions of temporal influence to the clergy, and were resolved to keep secular and spiritual concerns as far apart as possible '.

Sunday, Aug. 4, at Paris.-Went to the English service in the church built by Bishop Luscombe in the Rue d'Aguesseau, faubourg St. Honoré, near the English embassy, No. 39 of the faubourg. It seems to be regretted that, as an ambassador's hotel is considered to be in the country of which he is the representative, this English church should not have been placed within its precincts, and thus have stood on English ground: it is now private property, and stands in fact on French soil, and may be alienated from sacred to profane uses at any time by untoward circumstances. Besides, the connection with the embassy would have been a national profession of the English faith, a profession which one is sorry should not have been made, especially as the service, which is now superseded by that in the church, was, I remember, performed a few years ago in the ambassador's house. The service began at half past eleven o'clock. We found the bishop sitting in the vestry; he received us very kindly, and asked

1 Cet état de choses est encore plus vivement désiré par le clergé que par les citoyens. Le prêtre n'attend pas des concessions; il n'aspire pas à exercer une influence temporelle; il ne demande qu'une chose, la liberté de faire le bien.

us to dine with him quietly after afternoon service at his house in the Champs Elysées, which we were glad to be able to do. The church holds about, I think, 700 people, and is constructed in a good Gothic style, lighted by three lanterns from the roof. The congregation appeared a very well ordered and attentive one, and there were upwards of ninety communicants that morning. Indeed, the English nation have great reason to be thankful for the existence of this church, and for the manner in which the service is conducted in it. If Englishmen and English families are to reside in foreign countries, it is much to be wished that some means could be devised, with the consent of the governments of those countries, for a more regular organization of English congregations, and for a better superintendence over them than now exists.

-The want of Church discipline is no where more felt than in our foreign congregations: witness the miserable schism which is now dividing the English residents at Boulogne! These congregations, if well ordered, might be the means of promoting the cause of religious unity between the Church of England and foreign churches. Now they only serve to widen the breach. Again, there are the fabrics of our foreign places of worship, sustained in the most objectionable way by payments, sometimes within the church doors, for sittings, so much for each service, as at a theatre. How many persons, who

go abroad for health, or recréation, or what not, would be glad to have their passports taxed for the support of English places of worship in those countries which they are about to visit, if they knew that they were under proper control, and that provision was made in them for the admission and worship of the poor.

Between the services we stepped into the magnificent new church of La Madeleine; though church, I think, it hardly ought to be called, as it presents externally, in almost all respects, the appearance of a vast, splendid Greek temple; and the interior is fitted up in a manner little suited to the gravity and sobriety of a place of Christian worship. Over the apse, at the north end, for it does not stand east and westindeed very few of the modern Paris churches do',is a very brilliant fresco; in the foreground of which, in most conspicuous form and attire, is the figure of Napoleon in his imperial robes, and near him is Pope Pius VII., who crowned him in 1804, and whom he ejected from Rome in 1809 depriving him of his dominions, and whom he kept in prison at Fontainebleau for several years!

The coronation of Napoleon was the dethronement of the Bourbons. In that act the Pope exercised his deposing power; as, indeed, is clear from the act itself, especially when illustrated by the Bulls, by

It is remarkable that at Rome the two great churches of St Peter and St. John Lateran have a westward instead of eastward direction.

which it was accompanied, (the Bulls, Qui Christi Domini Vices, and Ecclesia Christi,) in which Pius VII. absolved all Frenchmen from their oaths of allegiance to the Bourbons, and in which he deprived more than a hundred French bishops of their sees, on account of their fidelity to the ejected dynasty! It is somewhat singular, that when this act of Pius VII. is cited to Romanists as a proof that the claim of the papacy to a deposing and a dispensing power is not obsolete, the reply is an appeal to necessity," the poor old Pope was compelled to do what he did by the iron hand of despotism." They seem to forget, that the same Pope had acknowledged the same Napoleon as lord of France, even when he was only first consul, by making the Concordat of 1801 with him in the name of the French nation; and if the Pope was so timid, and is excused as such in 1804, how is it that his courage grew with his years, and that when his own pontifical rights were at stake, he submitted to imprisonment rather than renounce them, and that he excommunicated in 1809 the same Napoleon whom he had crowned in 1804, and that he is lauded in this case for his courage, by the same persons who apologize for him in the other, on account of his timidity? However, France has grown wiser by experience. No Papal Bull can now be received into her territory without leave of the Government This is the first

article of the Organic Law'.

As it is impossible to understand the present ecclesiastical and