Dallas, of Cantray, commanded a company in the Mackintosh clan regiment in the '45. BUDZET.

WILLIAM SULBURY (8th S. i. 476).—He was Abbot of Beaulieu, a Cistercian abbey in Hampshire, founded by King John in 1204. It possessed the right of sanctuary. There was another Beaulieu in Norfolk, a Benedictine house, but this was only a priory. HERMENTRUde.

Abbot of Beaulieu, "de Bello Loco Regis," in Hampshire.

W. D. MACRAY. "Belli Loci" seems unquestionably to be the Abbey of Beaulieu, in the New Forest.

ED. MARSHALL.

AUTHOR WANTED (8th S. i. 454).—The " sage poet of the preceding generation to whom S. T. Coleridge attributes the lines "God and the world," &c. ('Aids to Reflection," "Moral and Religious [not "Prudential "] Aphorisms," xvii.), is Fulke Greville, Lord Brooke. In a poem of his, 'A Treatise of Warres,' the sixty-sixth stanza is as follows, from which Coleridge's quotation slightly varies :

God and the world they worship still together;
Draw not their lawes to Him, but his to theirs ;
Untrue to both, so prosperous in neither;
Amid their own desires still raising feares;
Unwise, as all distracted powers be;
Strangers to God, fooles in humanitie.
Too good for great things and too great for good.
Grosart's "Fuller's Worthies" Series,
Lord Brooke's Works,' vol. ii. p. 127.

The completing line,

THE YOUNG PRETENDER, PRINCE CHARLIE (8th S. i. 374, 401, 499). In the Council Chamber of the Corporation of Edinburgh there is a bronze statue, in Roman costume, believed to represent Prince Charles, the Young Chevalier. It was cast in France, and shipped from Dunkirk to Leith, where, in the process of unloading, it fell into the sea and remained submerged for some time. About the end of last century the statue was recovered and laid in one of the cellars of the council buildings, ultimately being placed in the Council Chamber itself, behind the Lord Provost's chair. In giving a position of such honour to a representation of the Young Pretender, the Edinburgh town councillors, being loyal subjects, thought it expedient to say nothing about its identity. The

above information I had from the late David Laing, LL.D. Visitors to the Scotch metropolis who are interested in memorials of the Stuart dynasty will be repaid by viewing the statute, which is a fine work of art. A. W. B.

UNION JACK (8th S. i. 494).—See a paper entitled 'The Union Jack,' by Emanuel Green, F.S.A., printed in the Archaeological Journal, vol. xlviii. p. 295, for a full account of this flag. The author there seems to assign the name "Jack" to a naval origin, and brings arguments to bear against the common idea of the name being derived from James I. ARTHUR VICARS.

The words "Union Jack" are, as generally used, a misnomer. The correct term is "Union flag"; this is used officially. "Union Jack" implies the small flag hoisted at the bow of a Queen's ship. It is the diminutive, as Jack of all trades, master of none." WILLIAM FRASER of Ledeclune Bt.

66

NO JUDGE SITS ON A GOOD FRIDAY (8th S. i. 334, 439, 497).-I have been much astonished at the assertion that no judge sits on a Good Friday. It is true the Hilary Sittings of the courts always end, as did the Hilary Term, before Good Friday. But judges on circuit must often have been compelled to sit on Good Friday, in order to get through the business. I remember perfectly well such a case at Bristol some years ago. Unfortunately, however, I have no access here to the files of the Bristol newspapers to ascertain the date. The court sat, I think, on that occasion at 2 o'clock. The story given by E. L. G. at the last reference may be ben trovato, it is obviously nothing more, notwithstanding his inimitably serious air in relating and commenting on it.

E. SIDNEY HARTLAND.

BLETHYN AP CONFYN (8th S. i. 353, 482, 503).. -Gwaethfoed, the grandfather of Confyn, was never King of Cardigan and Gwent. No man of that name was King of Gwent, so far as I have seen. There was a Gwaethfoed who was lord of some district in Cardigan or Pembrokeshire, but he was an entirely different man from the father of Gwerystan, the father of Cynfyn.

Is there any evidence that Augharad, wife of Owen ap Hywel Ada, was a daughter of a Llywelyn, son of Merfyn? The 'Brut y Tywysagion' says that a son of "Mervyn was killed by the pagans in 901. The same authority states that Hayarddur,

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c.

Lancaster and York: a Century_of_English_History, A.D. 1395-1483. Ey Sir James H. Ramsay of Bamff, Bart., M.A. 2 vols. (Oxford, Clarendon Press.) SUBSTANTIAL and important as is the history of the Wars of the Roses given us by Sir James Ramsay, it is but a portion, somewhat curiously a concluding portion, of a larger work. The task which the author has set himself is that of supplying from trustworthy and verified sources a "connected narrative of the first fifteen hundred years of the history of England." What reasons have caused the appearance in the volumes first published of the final portion of the history is not stated. The earlier chapters are, however, in a state of advanced preparation, and their speedy publication is promised. So comprehensive is the scheme of Sir James that compression in dealing with materials is inevitable. Employing freely the documents which have recently been placed at the service of the historian, he has sought to enrich an historical narrative with records of the literary, economical, and industrial development of the people. At the close of each reign a financial view is given of the state of the kingdom, including military and naval expenditure, the cost of civil service, public works, dockyards, pensions and annuities, and other like matters rarely included in the purview of the historian. Not easily can the value of these particulars be over-estimated. Special pains have also been employed in depicting the conditions of foreign countries, the Empire, France, Burgundy, Brittany, Scotland, and elsewhere. How important are our relations with these countries becomes obvious when it is recalled that more than half the present instalment is occupied with the attempts of successive monarchs to maintain English supremacy in France. A map of the division of France at the close

of 1428 shows the English possessors of Normandy, Picardy, Isle of France, Champagne, Maine, the Orléanais, the Angounois, and portions of Guienne and Gascony, extending from Cognac to St. Jean de Luz, The great northern block of English possessions is limited by Cherbourg and Avranche on the west, Toul, Bar le Duc, and Sedan on the east, Crecy and St. Quentin on the north, and Le Mans, Orleans, and Chaumount on the south, and includes Paris, Rheims, Le Havre, Rouen, and Troyes. Concerning the perpetual wars for the extension of this great empire Sir James writes his most brilliant chapters, and the description of the Battle of Agincourt, with its accompanying plan, is the part to which the reader will most readily turn. Scotland, moreover, exercises a baneful influence upon the fortunes of England, whose weakness constituted Scotland's opportunity. The account of Scottish history which is supplied is more comprehensive than is to be found in any other popular history. In dealing with the short and troublous reigns of Edward IV. and V. and Richard III. Sir James is at his best. He gives a pleasing account of Henry VI., whose amiability and weakness are well depicted. Concerning Richard he has little to say that is new. He accepts, however, the unfavourable estimate of that monarch, whom he describes at second hand, after Stubbs, as "Brave, cunning, resolute, clearsighted, bound by no ties of love or gratitude, amenable to no instincts of mercy or kindness." In dealing with battles at home and abroad, with which, of course, his volumes are largely occupied, he invariably leans to the smaller as against the larger number of participants in the struggle. In this he is presumably right. His style is fairly good, though he is guilty of such inaccuracies as "from whence," frequently repeated, and the like. One or two mistakes call for correction. At p. 170, vol. i., the date given as "1483" should be 1413. Little fault is however, to be found in this respect, and the whole is commendably correct. Portraits of the various kings and plans of the great battles add very greatly to the value stitutes an acceptable and a valuable contribution to of a work that, even in its present unfinished state, conhistorical knowledge.

A Cabinet of Gems. Cut and polished by Sir Philip Sidney. Now for the more radiance presented without their setting by George Mac Donald. (Stock.) UNDER the above fantastic title Mr. George Mac Donald has presented, as the first volume of a series to be called "The Elizabethan Library," a series of extracts in prose and verse from the Arcadia' of Sir Philip Sidney, together with one or two Psalms in the rendering of his sister. The hope is to popularize the writings of this fine poet. The design may be accomplished. Sidney is, however, known to all real lovers of poetry, and those who are not such can scarcely be tempted to read a literature with which they have no sympathy. interesting to those, even, who possess the originals, but are glad to refresh their memories, and the new series of books is pretty. We are glad to see a second collection of Sidneian gems promised. The present collection is appetizing rather than satisfying.

The collection is

The Poems of Andrew Marvel. Edited by G. A. Aitken (Lawrence & Bullen.) A HANDY edition of the poetical works of Andrew Marvel has long been a desideratum. One or two editions of the poems and letters issued in the last century are incomplete and inaccessible, and the collection of Dr. Grosart, an advance upon anything that had previously been published, is issued in a very limited edition and in a shape which, if not absolutely cumbrous, is at least unsuited for the pocket. To obtain an edition so elegant and correct as that added by Messrs. Lawrence & Bullen

to their "Muses' Library" it was worth while to wait. Mr. Aitken is complete master of his subject, and the prefatory portions are admirable, while the books themAn edition of selves are the handsomest conceivable. the poets so delightful in all respects as the "Muses' Library" has not previously seen the light. Though unknown to the many, Marlowe's poems have been a special delight of the few. Some of his lyrics have found their way into anthologies, and his description of the death of Charles I, has been often quoted. Leigh Hunt did something to popularize the satire upon the Dutch and the lines To his Coy Mistrees.' His satires have, however, been far less known than they merit. They constitute the redeeming feature in that curious and scarcely mentionable collection of priceless meats and garbage the State Poems.' Coarse enough some of them are, but they constitute literature, and are important in more than one respect. From Mr. Aitken's bibliographical notes, which form an invaluable portion of his prefatory matter, we learn that the folio edition of 1680, issued by Marvel's wife, is authentic. We had a notion that it was spurious, and that no Mrs. Marvell had ever existed, and are glad to be corrected. In all respects the new edition is delightful. It should do much to popularize one of the most genuine and most neglected

of English poets.

Geoffrey de Mandeville. By J. H. Round. (Longmans & Co.)

How many average readers, we wonder, could tell offhand who Geoffrey de Mandeville was, or, if dubious, would be much enlightened by the secondary title of this book, "a Study of the Anarchy"? This truculent earl has been chosen by Mr. Round as the eponymous hero of his narrative, as being a typical presentment of the feudal and anarchic spirit which was distinctive of the reign of Stephen. But the feature of his work to which he gives special prominence is the use made of the charters which were granted throughout this reign, as well by the Empress Maud as the king. In fact, the book might fairly, and perhaps even more appropriately, have been entitled a study of some special charters in the reign of King Stephen, for this it is much more than a biography or a connected historical narrative. Many minute points of constitutional history and nomenclature are here discussed, all of technical importance and of interest to the student of institutional antiquities. Mr. Round is well versed in original authorities, and is able sometimes to correct slips in such generally accurate writers as Freeman and Clark and Birch. He claims to have thrown fresh light on the origin of earldoms, the development of the fiscal system, and the early administration of the City of London; and he gives full and careful references for all his conclusions. Indeed, several problems of chronology and the sequence of events which have been a puzzle to modern historians are here elucidated for the first time. Geoffrey himself is all the while left very much in the background. He now and then emerges into light as a shameless trimmer, who aspired to hold the balance between the two conflicting parties in the state, and was content to put himself at the service of the highest bidder, passing from camp to camp with the most cynical disregard of loyalty or principle. Though we cannot say that Mr. Round wields the pen of a picturesque and vivid chronicler, he has succeeded in producing a solid contribution to historical learning for which students will feel grateful to him.

The Literary Shrines of Yorkshire. By J. A. Erskine Stuart, F.S.A.Scot. (Longmans & Co.)

THE idea of treating Yorkshire by its waterways, descending its rivers, and noticing the objects or shrines of

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J.A. J.-References to the Kembles and Mrs. Siddons abound in the theatrical biographies of the early part of the century. Reynolds's Life, Bernhard's Recollections of the Georgian Era,' the Life of Mrs. Inchbald, Life of Mrs. Jordan,' Dunlap's Cooke,' &c., and in No substantive Mrs. Butler's various reminiscences. biographies beyond those you name are in existence. Consult Lewis's Bibliographical Account of English Theatrical Literature'

L. V. M. ("Ode to Proserpine ").-We believe the allusion to be to Mr. Swinburne's ode. The authorship of

For the rapture of pursuing Is the prize the vanquished gain we must leave to our correspondents. T. F. P.-"Principle" is not incorrect, but "system" would be better.

ERRATA.-8th 8. i. p. 510, col. 1, 1. 5, for "Jacomde" read Jacombe; p. 520, col. 2, 1. 16 from bottom, for" of court" read of a court; p. 525, col. 1, 1. 17 from bottom, for "Lyrical" read Lexical.

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