Abstract of the Proceedings of the Society of Arts ...: Vol. 18-29, Bound in 3 Vol. Il. Pl. Por. Tables. 24cm, 392-418. sayılar |
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Sayfa 129 - The results with ferric sulphate have been, on the whole, more satisfactory than those with alum. This seems to be due in part to the greater rapidity with which precipitation takes place, and in part to the greater weight of the precipitate. It is probable, from the greater ease with which ferric sulphate is precipitated, that it would give a good result with a sewage that was not sufficiently alkaline to precipitate alum at once.
Sayfa 128 - The lime process has little to recommend it. Owing to the large amount of lime water required, and the difficulty of accurately adjusting the lime to the sewage, very close supervision would be required to obtain a good result, and even then the result is inferior to that obtained in other ways.
Sayfa 92 - IN WROUGHT IRON, is not very marked in the ordinary puddling process. It seems to add somewhat to the strength of the iron, but the amount is not of sufficient value to induce the general use of aluminum for this purpose. The peculiar property of aluminum in reducing the long range of temperature between that at which wrought iron first softens and that at which it becomes fluid, is taken advantage of in the wellknown Mitis process for making "wrought iron castings.
Sayfa 129 - Precipitation by copperas is also somewhat complicated, owing to the necessity of getting the right amount of lime mixed with the sewage before adding the copperas. When this is done a good result is obtained. The amount of iron left in the effluent is much greater than with ferric sulphate, owing to the greater solubility of ferrous hydroxide.
Sayfa 124 - When copperas is added to sewage alone, no precipitation takes place, and the result is no better than when sewage settles alone. The addition of enough lime to combine with the excess of carbonic acid over the amount required to form bicarbonates, and to combine with the sulphuric acid of the copperas, is necessary for precipitation ; for, while sewage is alkaline, its alkali is all in the form of bicarbonate, and alkali as normal carbonate or hydrate is required to precipitate the iron. When this...
Sayfa 79 - ... of impurity, as the pure metal is very soft and not so strong as the less pure. It is only where extreme malleability, ductility, sonorousness, or non-corrodibility is required that the purest metal should be chosen. We shall probably find that for most purposes a small percentage of other elements than silicon and iron are advantageously added in producing hardness, rigidity, and strength — constituents that will not detract from the non-corrodibility of the metal as much as do these natural...
Sayfa 51 - In the experiments described in the present paper, the electrodes were generally so adjusted that the motion of the anvil electrode was too small to be observed. Under these circumstances the observed motion of the hammer electrode, as measured by the micrometer, was the motion of this relatively to the anvil electrode, which is of course the quantity to be determined, rather than the actual excursion of the hammer electrode. The microphone was placed in circuit with a battery and the primary of...
Sayfa 81 - ... wire. Pure aluminum stands third in the order of malleability, being exceeded only by gold and silver ; and in the order of ductility, seventh, being exceeded by gold, silver, platinum, iron, soft steel and copper. Both malleability and ductility are greatly impaired by the presence of the two common impurities, silicon and iron. Aluminum can be rolled or hammered cold, but the metal is most malleable at...
Sayfa 10 - Society are to awaken and maintain an active interest in the practical sciences, and to aid generally in their advancement and development in connection with arts, agriculture, manufactures, and commerce.
Sayfa 99 - ... practical scale by Deville in 1854 was, as we have seen, by the aid of electricity, electrically decomposing the chloride. Even then the idea was old, for Sir Humphry Davy in 1810 publicly described the successful experiment made in 1807, in which he connected the negative pole of a battery of 1,000 double plates with an iron wire which he heated to a white heat and then fused in contact with moistened alumina, the operation being performed in an atmosphere of hydrogen. The iron upon analysis...