UtilitarianismPsychology Press, 1996 - 225 sayfa Surveying the historical development and present condition of utilitarian ethics, Geoffrey Scarre concludes that whilst utilitarianism may not be a faultless moral doctrine, its positions are relevant and remain significant today.Surveying the historical development and the present condition of utilitarian ethics, Geoffrey Scarre examines the major philosophers from Lao Tzu in the fifth century BC to Richard Hare in the twentieth.Utilitarianism traces the 'doctrine of utility' from the moralists of the ancient world, through the Enlightenment and Victorian utilitarianism up to the lively debate of the present day.Utilitarianism today faces challenges on several fronts: it cannot warrant the drawing of adequate protective boundaries around the essential interests of individuals, and it does not allow them the space to pursue the personal concerns which give meaning to their lives. Geoffrey Scarre considers these and other charges, and concludes that whilst utilitarianism may not be a faultless moral doctrine, its positions are relevant, and significant today.Written with undergraduates in mind, this is an ideal course book for those studying and those teaching moral philosophy. |
İçindekiler
Four Ancient Moralists | 27 |
Utilitarianism and Enlightenment | 48 |
John Stuart Mill | 82 |
Some Later Developments | 106 |
Happiness and Other Ends | 133 |
Maximisation Fairness and Respect for Persons | 152 |
Utilitarianism and Personality | 182 |
Notes | 205 |
Bibliography | 212 |
| 222 | |
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act-utilitarian agent agent-centred archangels argued arianism Aristotle beauty behaviour believed benevolent Bentham Benthamite better character claim conception concern consequences consequentialist consider criterion critical deontological deontologists desire doctrine effect Epicurean Epicurus ethical eudaimonia evil fact feel felicific calculus goals Godwin greatest happiness greatest number Hare harm Harrod Harsanyi Helvétius human Hume Hutcheson idea Ideal Utilitarianism important individual interests intrinsic intuitions J.S. Mill James Mill John Bowring John Stuart Mill judgements justice justified killing kind less lives Mill's Mo Tzu Mohist moral motives nature Nicomachean Ethics normally objective one's Paley person person-neutral philosophers pleasure and pain point of view position practice preferences prima-facie principle problem produce projects promises promote pursue pursuit question Rashdall rational reason regard reject rule-utilitarianism rules sadist sake satisfaction seems self-respect sense Sidgwick social T.M. Scanlon things thought utilitarian theory valuable Victorian moral virtue welfare well-being wrong