IX. CHAP. not,) yet, when they seek for a confirmation of the synod at Carthage, they are willing enough to receive them, and to bring them forth, for their own advantage, as the canons of an Ecumenical Council. But, whether they receive them now, or no, (as many times they are very angry against them',) certain it is, that in Gratian's time the Latin Church acknowledged them2, and in all times, since they were first made, the Oriental Churches received them into the body of βύτερος ἢ διάκονος τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα προφάσει εὐλαβείας ἐκβάλλει, ἀφορι ζέσθω· ἐπιμένων δὲ καθαιρείσθω.] u Ibid., can. 3. [ubi supr. col. 1142.] can. 62. [ubi supr., col. 1170.] &c. * Can., in Locis [Theol.] lib. ii. cap. 10. [cap. 9. p. 54.] Hoc [Hane eandem conclusionem] docet Concil. Carthag. III. Quod [tamen] si Provinciale fuit, tamen confirmatum est [et a Leone Quarto, Distinc. xx. cap. De Libellis, et] a Synodo in Trullo celebrata.-Gul. Bailius, Jesuita, in Catechism., tract. i. q. 13. in Append. Conc. Carthag. III. [The original work of Bailius, which appears to have been written in French, has not been met with: but see Andreæ Riveti Pictavi Catholicum Orthodoxum, oppositum Catholico Papistæ: in quatuor partes seu tractatus distinctum; in quibus continetur summa controversiarum, &c.; instituiturque examen accuratum et refutatio omnium et singulorum, quæ ad causæ Pontificiæ subsidium adduxit Gulielmus Bailius, Jesuita, in Epitome seu Catechismo controversiarum, &c. (ed. 4to. Lugd. Batav., 1630.) tom. i. p. 226; sub titulo 'Append. Doctoris Jesuitæ: Defens. librorum Maccab. adv. quorundam ministrorum calumnias.']—Quod [concilium (viz. Carthag. III.)] ab universa(li) Ecclesia receptum est. po y Baronius, [tom. viii. coll. 764, 765.] Binius, in Notis ad Can. Trullanos, [Concil., ed. Par., 1636, tom. v. p. 363. -Certum et tres canones, qui sub nomine Sextæ Synodi œcumenica hactenus vulgati fuerunt, non a Patribus concilii œcumenici sanciti fuerunt; sed tius a quodam conciliabulo, quod post annos decem habitum est Constantinopoli in Trullo, tempore Sergii Papæ et Justiniani Imperatoris junioris, anno Domini 692, quodque a viris doctis Quini-Sextum concilium nominatur, ideo quod profiterentur episcopi ejusdem conciliabuli se allegatos canones, no mine Quintæ et Sextæ Synodi, tanquam appendicem quandam necessariam edidisse.]-Et alii quam plurimi; inter quos ipse etiam Canus reperitur. [Vid. Melch. Can. Loc. Theol., lib. v. cap. ult., De auctoritate Conciliorum, p. 287.-Non parva quæstio est, num canones Trullani Ecclesiasticam habeant auctoritatem; &c.] z Ut patet, Dist. xvi. cap. Placuit, [cap. 4.-Vid. Corp. Jur. Can., tom. i. coll. 64, et seqq.-Placuit huic sanctæ synodo [vi.] ut a modo confirmata et rata sint canonum Apostolorum lxxxv. capitula; &c.] Cap. Quoniam, [cap. 7, ubi supr.-Constitutiones Synodi Sextæ. Quoniam sanctæ et universales Synodi, Quinta sub Justiniano Augusto, Sexta sub Constantino patre tuo Augusto, de mysterio Fidei plenissime disputantes, canones non fecerunt, sicut cæteræ quatuor universales synodi; propterea nos convenientes in hanc imperialem urbem sacros canones conscripsimus. Orat. allocutor. Patrum, qui in Trullo convenerant, ad Justinianum (II.) Imp.] Cap. sextam, [cap. 5, ubi supr.-Sextam synodum sanctam recipio, cum omnibus canonibus suis.] Et [Causa] xxvii. q. 1. c. [6.] Si quis episcopus. ['Ex Sexta Synodo in Trullo, c. 4.'] Et de Cons., Dist. i. c. Jacobus, [cap. 47.-Corp. Jur. Can, tom. i. col. 2068.-Ex Sexta Synodo, cap. 32.] Et ibid., Dist. ii. cap. Didicimus, [cap. 6, ubi supr. col. 2084.-Ex Sexta Synodo, cap. 28.] Et ibid., Dist. iii. cap. Sextam, [cap. 29, ubi supr., col. 2149.-Sextam sanctam synodum recipio, cum omnibus canonibus suis; &c.] Item, extra, De ætate et qual. ordinand., cap. A multis. [Vid. Gregorii ix. Decretal., lib. i. tit. 14. cap. 9.-Corp. Jur. Canon., tom. ii. col. 255, ed. Par. 1529.-Sicut est in sexta synodo constitutum; ut, Si quis eorum, &c.] their Canon Lawa. It was a Council that consisted of two hundred and twenty-seven bishops, who, after the Emperor, all subscribed it; and in their second canon they confirm (among others) the council of Laodicea", together with the canonical epistles of Athanasius, Gregory Nazianzen, and Amphilochius, (before cited,) which number the canonical books of Scripture only, as we do, and exclude the rest, as not properly belonging to them. When, therefore, in the same canon they allow also the council of Carthage, it cannot be that their meaning was instantly to recall and contradict themselves, (as the late Roman writers, by alleging their authority herein against us, would enforce them to do,) but that they understood the Laodicean council to be taken in one sense, and the council of Carthage in another, this ex a Ut patet in Synod., quæ dicitur VII., can. 1. [Conc. Nicæn. II., Labbe, tom. vii. col. 596.—τούτων οὕτως ὄντων καὶ διαμαρτυρομένων ἡμῖν, ἀγαλλιώμενοι ἐπ ̓ αὐτοῖς, ὡς εἴτις εὕροι σκῦλα πολλὰ, ἀσπασίως τοὺς Θείους κανόνας ἐνστερνι ζόμεθα, καὶ ὁλόκληρον τὴν αὐτῶν διαταγὴν καὶ ἀσάλευτον κρατύνομεν, τῶν ἐκτεθέντων ὑπὸ τῶν ἁγίων καὶ οἰκουμε νικῶν συνόδων καὶ σαλπίγγων τοῦ Πνεύ ματος πανευφήμων ̓Αποστόλων, τῶν τε ἐξ ἁγίων καὶ οἰκουμενικῶν συνόδων, καὶ τῶν τοπικῶς συναθροισθείσων ἐπὶ ἐκδόσει τοιούτων δογμάτων, καὶ τῶν ἁγίων πατέρων ἡμῶν.] Et Act. 3, 4, 6. [Vid. Labbe, tom. vii. coll. 153, 195, 389.] Item, in Nomocanone Photii, passim. [Vid. Justelli Bibl., tom. ii. p. 789.] Ac apud Balsamonem, [not. ad præfat. can. Trull., pp.358,-360.] et Zonaram, in canones Trullanos, [not. ad præfat., p. 128.] b Conc. VI. in Trullo, can. 2.Obsignamus etiam reliquos omnes canones, qui a sanctis et beatis nostris Patribus expositi sunt, id est, a CCCXVIII sanctis et divinis Patribus qui Niceæ convenerunt, iisque qui Ancyræ, Neocæsareæ, Gangris, Antiochiæ, atque iis etiam qui in Laodicea Phrygiæ; præterea autem, &c.... Similiter et iis qui Carthagine, &c. ... Quinetiam canones Dionysii Alex., Greg. Neocasar., Athanasii, Basilii, Greg. Nys., Greg. Nazianz., Amphilochii, &c. [Vid. Labbe, tom. vi. col. 1140.—ἐπισφρα γίζομεν δὲ καὶ τοὺς λοιποὺς πάντας ἱεροὺς κανόνας τοὺς ὑπὸ τῶν ἁγίων καὶ μακαρίων πατέρων ἡμῶν ἐκτεθέντας, του τέστι, τῶν τε ἐν Νικαίᾳ συναθροισθέν των τιη'. θεοφόρων ἁγίων πατέρων· καὶ TEST. CENT. VII. CHAP. tended, in a large acception of Scripture, to the ecclesiastical IX. books; and that restrained, in a more strict and proper ac ception, to those books only which be authentic and divine. For in one and the same sense they cannot both be taken, nor confirmed, and stand together: which will be made the clearer by the next testimony out of Damascen, who lived not long after this council of Trullo, or the Quini-Sext at Constantinople, and a little before the seventh pretended General Council at Nice, that in divers places acknowledged the canons and constitutions of it. CHAPTER X. A.D. 720.c THE TESTIMONIES OF THE ECCLESIASTICAL WRITERS IN THE CV. There are but two considerable writers in this age, that have said any thing concerning our present question; whereof one is Damascen among the Greeks, and the other Venerable Bede among the English Saxons; both of them being persons of great learning and renown. Damascen was a priest of Syria, and wrote many books: but those of the greatest note are his four books De Fide Orthodoxa, wherein he set forth the body of divinity in a far better method and order than had been seen before his time. And from him did Peter Lombard and the schoolmen of the Latin Church take their pattern. In the last of these four books he treateth of the canonical books of Scripture, and numbereth them as his ancestors in the Oriental Churches had always done before him, firmly adhering to the Hebrew canon, and counting but two and twenty books only, belonging to the Old Testament, which he reciteth all in order, without speaking [Vid. Cave, tom. i. pp. 624-626.] d Joh. Damascen., de Fide Orthod., lib. iv. cap. 18. [cap. 17, ed. Par. 1712, tom. i. p. 283. ] ἰστέον (δὲ,) ὡς εἴκοσι καὶ δύο βίβλοι εἰσὶ τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης, [κατὰ τὰ στοιχεῖα τῆς Ἑβραΐδος φωνῆς,] K.T.A. Quæ ad hunc modum vertit Jac. Billius: Sciendum est, xxii. libros esse V. T., totidem nempe quot Hebrai cæ linguæ elementa (sunt:) [Hebræis enim duo et viginti elementa sunt:] ex quibus v. duplicantur; atque ita xxvii. fiunt. [Sic, ed. Par. 1577. (fol. 326.) which is perhaps the edition used by Cosin.] Cætera nihil opus est adscribi, -[Duplicati recensentur libri:-Ruth et Judic. 1; Reg. 2; Paralip. 1; Esdr. 1;-v.] TEST. CENT. VIII. so much as one word either of the Maccabees, or of Judith, or of Tobit; nor saith he more concerning the books of Wisdom and Ecclesiasticus, than that they are "elegant and virtuous writings, but not to be numbered among the canonical books of Scripture, having never been laid up in the ark of the covenant." In which passage he altogether followeth Epiphanius. And yet, (by the way,) forasmuch as concerns the ark of the covenant, if either Epiphanius or he be so understood, as that they intended it properly of the ark which was made by Moses, and afterwards placed in the first temple, there is an error in it. For in that ark there Exod. 40. 20; 1 Reg. was no other writing put, but the two tables of the Covenant; 3.9; and, when the first temple was burnt, the same ark was lost 2 Chron. with it: yet very likely it is, that, after the Jews had built their second temple, and received their complete canon of Scripture from Ezra, and the prophets that lived in his time, they were careful to lay it ups, and to keep it there for all succeeding generations, in Armario Judaico, as Tertullian calleth ith: but this was different from the ark of the covenant, being only a resemblance of it. Howsoever, this is certain, that neither Damascen nor Epiphanius acknowledged any more canonical books of the Old Testament, than what the Hebrews held to be sacred, and diligently preserved among them. Which though Coccius1 and Coffeteauk, together with e Пaváрeтos autem, [quasi dicas, 'Omni virtutis genere refertus,'] hoc est, Sapientia Salomonis, et Sapientia Jesu (filii Sirach,) [quam, a Sirachi patre Hebraica lingua editam, ipsius nepos, ac Sirachi filius, postea in Græcum convertit,] tametsi alioqui præclari et elegantes libri sint, non tamen aliis adnumerantur, neque in arca siti erant. [ἡ δὲ Πανάρετος, τουτέστιν, ἡ Σοφία τοῦ Σολομῶντος, καὶ ἡ Σοφία τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ἣν ὁ πατὴρ μὲν τοῦ Σιρὰχ ἐξέθετο Εβραϊστὶ, Ἑλληνιστὶ δὲ ἡρμήνευσεν ὁ τούτου μὲν ἔκγονος Ἰησοῦς, τοῦ δὲ Σιρὰχ υἱὸς,] εὐάρετοι μὲν καὶ καλαὶ, ἀλλ ̓ οὐκ ἀριθμοῦνται, οὐδὲ ἔκειντο ἐν τῇ κιβωτῷ. [Ubi supr., not. ad lit. d.] f Epiphan., lib. De pond. et mens., supra citat., num. lxiv. [Vid. pp. 81, 82. not. ad litt. a, b.] S. Aug. de Civ. Dei, lib. xv. cap. 23. [tom. vii. col. 408.-In his autem apocryphis, etsi invenitur aliqua veri tas, tamen propter multa falsa nulla Tertull., lib. De hab. mul., cap. 3. i Coce. Thesaur., lib. vi. art. 9. [tom. i. pp. 634, 635. — Epiphanius, 380. Hæres. 76.-Etiam Sapientias, Salomonis, inquam, et filii Sirach, et omnes in summa divinas scripturas, oportebit te evolvere. . . . Joannes Damascenus, 730. Orthodoxa Fidei, lib. i. cap. 4. 5. 10. CHAP. some other such small-wared men as they be, are not willing X. to allow us, yet Clictoveus', and Canus m, and Covaruvias", and Ederus, deal more freely and ingenuously with us, confessing that Damascen, and many more, be for us. Sixtus Senensis, to prove that the Wisdom of Solomon and Ecclesiasticus are both of them canonical books of Scripture, produceth this place of Damascen3, and corrupteth it with an addition of his own; for, that the Christians were herein Ad hæc quomodo illud retinebitur, Coff. Apol. [art. 4, 5; Œuvr. p. 1 Com. in hunc locum Damasc. [Vid. Jod. Clichtov., Comment. in Damascen., lib. iv. cap. 18, ap. Damasc. Op. ed. Par. 1577. fol. 327.Porro qui et quot libri Scripturæ Sacræ paginam complent, deinde digesto ordine recenset auctor, illos sumi comprobans secundum numerum literarum Hebraicarum. -Et fol. 328. Et non modo hi duo libri non numerati sunt in canone sacrarum librorum, sed etiam Tobias, Judith, et libri Machabæorum, a numero canonicorum voluminum Veteris Instrumenti sunt exclusi; quemadmodum in prologo librorum Salomonis testatur Hieronymus. erat definita. Qua etiam ratione et reliquos excusamus.-Et vid. cap. 10. p. 58, (ubi Damascenus interreliquos' includitur:)-Quod Baruch libellum illum, nec Augustinus, nec Damascenus, nec Innocentius, nec Gelasius, nec Conc. Laodicenum, nec Carthaginense, in numero librorum canonicorum supputarunt.] Var. Resolut., lib. iv. cap. 14. [Vid. Didaci Covarruvias a Leyva Toletani Op., p. 419.-Concilium Laodicenum... admonens qui sint libri canonici, can. lix., tres tantum priores, qui Salomonis sunt, connumerat: Sapientiam et Ecclesiasticum omittit, quasi diffiniens eos esse extra canonem ; quod Damascenus, lib. iv. c. 18,. Hieronymus, ac Ruffinus, palam asseverant.] .... .... ... Oecon. Bibl., tab. 24. [Vid. Georgii Ederi Econom. Bibliorum, p. 22, where the catalogue of Damascenus is given, as one among many that are produced.] P Sixt. Senens. Bibl., lib. viii. Hær. 9. [tom. ii. pp. 335, 336.] Quod autem Sapientia [Salomonis,] et [Sapientia Jesu filii Sirach, quæ] Ecclesiasticus [dicitur,] sint in canone S. Scripturarum receptæ, demonstratur [Novi Testamenti attestatione, Ecclesiæ auctoritate, Conciliorum determinatione, et vetustissimorum] Patrum testimoniis [testimonio.]. ... Johannes Damascenus, utriusque voluminis mentionem faciens libro iv. de Fide, sic scribit: Паváρeтos, (autem,) hoc [hic] est, Sapientia [liber Sapientiæ] Salom., et Sapientia Sirach [Jesu, id est, Ecclesiasticus,] virtuosi quidem, et boni (libri) sunt, sed non numerantur, neque in area jacebant; Et ideo, licet apud Judæos non numerentur, inter Fideles tamen maximæ auctoritatis habentur. [Augustinus libro ii. de Doctrina Christiana, ita inquit: Illi duo libri..... quoniam in auctoritatem recipi meruerunt, inter Propheticos numerandi sunt.] |