Protection and Free Trade: An Inquiry Whether Protective Duties Can Benefit the Interests of a Country in the Aggregate. Including an Examination Into the Nature of Value, and the Agency of the Natural Forces in Producing it

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G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1875 - 190 sayfa
 

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Sayfa 189 - Ils ont aussi travaillé les uns pour les autres; par là ils se sont rendu des services réciproques. Ces services comparés dans l'échange ont fait naître l'idée de Valeur, et la Valeur celle de Propriété. Chacun est donc devenu propriétaire en proportion de ses services. Mais les forces et les matériaux, donnés par Dieu gratuitement à l'homme dès l'origine, sont demeurés, sont encore et seront toujours gratuits, à travers toutes les transactions humaines ; car, dans les appréciations...
Sayfa 155 - ... capitals ; but one of them only is employed in supporting domestic industry. The capital which sends British goods to Portugal, and brings back Portuguese goods to Great Britain, replaces, by every such operation, only one British capital. The other is a Portuguese one. Though the returns, therefore, of the foreign trade of consumption, should be as quick as those of the home trade, the capital employed in it will give but one half of the encouragement to the industry or productive labour of...
Sayfa 72 - mixed his labor with " certain products of the earth ; and his claim to them is in this case valid, because he obtained the consent of society before so expending his labor; and having fulfilled the condition which society imposed in giving that consent — the payment of rent — society, to fulfil its part of the agreement, must acknowledge his title to that surplus which remains after the rent has been paid.
Sayfa 72 - ... the tenant — and that the rent he pays accrues alike to all. Having thus hired a tract of land from his fellow-men, for a given period, for understood purposes, and on specified terms — having thus obtained, for a time, the exclusive use of that land by a definite agreement with its owners, it is manifest that an individual may, without any infringement of the rights of others, appropriate to himself that portion of produce which remains after he has paid to mankind the promised rent. He...
Sayfa 59 - To say that money, because it is material and the produce of labor, has intrinsic value, and that a bank note is only the representative of value, is just as absurd as to say that a wooden yard measure is intrinsic distance, and that the space of 36 inches between two points is representative distance. It is of the first importance to economic science to exterminate this unhappy phrase 'intrinsic value,' which is clearly shown to be a contradiction in terms.
Sayfa 68 - And this verdict enjoins a protest against every existing pretension to the individual possession of the soil ; and dictates the assertion, that the right of mankind at large to the earth's surface is still valid; all deeds, customs, and laws notwithstanding. Not only have present land tenures an indefensible origin, but it is impossible to discover any mode in which land can become private property.
Sayfa 167 - After the accumulation of capital and skill, the manufacturers will stand alone, unaided by the government, in competition with the imported articles from any quarter. Now give us time; cease all fluctuations and agitations, for nine years, and the manufacturers in every branch will sustain themselves against foreign competition. If we can see our way clearly for nine years to come, we can safely leave to posterity to provide for the rest. If the tariff be overthrown, as may be its fate next session,...

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