To Rise in Darkness: Revolution, Repression, and Memory in El Salvador, 1920–1932Duke University Press, 9 Tem 2008 - 396 sayfa To Rise in Darkness offers a new perspective on a defining moment in modern Central American history. In January 1932 thousands of indigenous and ladino (non-Indian) rural laborers, provoked by electoral fraud and the repression of strikes, rose up and took control of several municipalities in central and western El Salvador. Within days the military and civilian militias retook the towns and executed thousands of people, most of whom were indigenous. This event, known as la Matanza (the massacre), has received relatively little scholarly attention. In To Rise in Darkness, Jeffrey L. Gould and Aldo A. Lauria-Santiago investigate memories of the massacre and its long-term cultural and political consequences. Gould conducted more than two hundred interviews with survivors of la Matanza and their descendants. He and Lauria-Santiago combine individual accounts with documentary sources from archives in El Salvador, Guatemala, Washington, London, and Moscow. They describe the political, economic, and cultural landscape of El Salvador during the 1920s and early 1930s, and offer a detailed narrative of the uprising and massacre. The authors challenge the prevailing idea that the Communist organizers of the uprising and the rural Indians who participated in it were two distinct groups. Gould and Lauria-Santiago demonstrate that many Communist militants were themselves rural Indians, some of whom had been union activists on the coffee plantations for several years prior to the rebellion. Moreover, by meticulously documenting local variations in class relations, ethnic identity, and political commitment, the authors show that those groups considered “Indian” in western El Salvador were far from homogeneous. The united revolutionary movement of January 1932 emerged out of significant cultural difference and conflict. |
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... élite and its religious and political allies had such a difficult time establishing minimal forms of hegemony or instituting significant social reforms that might have prevented the tragedy of 1932 . Recent work in Latin American ...
... formidable wealth accumulated by an agro - financial oligarchy and a rural bourgeoisie . Structurally the equilibrium between smallholders and the larger coffee Garden of Despair Coffee Expansion and Élite Class Formation At.
... élite was unable to establish elementary forms of hegemonic domination over these new groups , in part because of its own recent formation . Hegemony , despite the multitude of meanings ascribed to it , is still a useful analytical ...
... élite allies.1o As we shall see , Salvadoran élites tried to follow both the Nica- raguan and Guatemalan roads , but ran into powerful obstacles , often of their own creation . 5 6 yet , the country's capitalists demonstrated a ...
... élite disinvested millions in profits , which it kept in banks and investments in the United States and Europe . The weakness of this model became visible during the export crisis of 1921 , when coffee and silver prices and exports ...
İçindekiler
1 | |
Politics and Labor in the 1920s | 32 |
The Social Geography and Culture of Mobilization | 63 |
Ethnic Conflict and Mestizajein Western Salvador 19141931 | 99 |
Repression and Radicalization September 1931January 1932 | 132 |
The Insurrection of January 1932 | 170 |
The Counter revolutionary Massacres | 209 |
The Political and Cultural Consequences of 1932 | 240 |
Epilogue | 275 |
Afterword | 281 |
Notes | 291 |
Bibliography | 375 |
Index | 387 |