To Rise in Darkness: Revolution, Repression, and Memory in El Salvador, 1920–1932Duke University Press, 9 Tem 2008 - 396 sayfa To Rise in Darkness offers a new perspective on a defining moment in modern Central American history. In January 1932 thousands of indigenous and ladino (non-Indian) rural laborers, provoked by electoral fraud and the repression of strikes, rose up and took control of several municipalities in central and western El Salvador. Within days the military and civilian militias retook the towns and executed thousands of people, most of whom were indigenous. This event, known as la Matanza (the massacre), has received relatively little scholarly attention. In To Rise in Darkness, Jeffrey L. Gould and Aldo A. Lauria-Santiago investigate memories of the massacre and its long-term cultural and political consequences. Gould conducted more than two hundred interviews with survivors of la Matanza and their descendants. He and Lauria-Santiago combine individual accounts with documentary sources from archives in El Salvador, Guatemala, Washington, London, and Moscow. They describe the political, economic, and cultural landscape of El Salvador during the 1920s and early 1930s, and offer a detailed narrative of the uprising and massacre. The authors challenge the prevailing idea that the Communist organizers of the uprising and the rural Indians who participated in it were two distinct groups. Gould and Lauria-Santiago demonstrate that many Communist militants were themselves rural Indians, some of whom had been union activists on the coffee plantations for several years prior to the rebellion. Moreover, by meticulously documenting local variations in class relations, ethnic identity, and political commitment, the authors show that those groups considered “Indian” in western El Salvador were far from homogeneous. The united revolutionary movement of January 1932 emerged out of significant cultural difference and conflict. |
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... Indians and ladinos of all political tendencies conflated them ( and still do ) with indigenous identity itself . As noted above , many people whose parents or grandparents would have iden- tified as indigenous , especially in La ...
... Indians to accomplish their counterinsurgent goals ( see chapter 7 ) . A Usable Past : Interpretations of Revolt and Massacre During the past seventy years four themes have dominated interpretations of the revolt of 1932 and the ...
... Indian world in the Salvadoran west is partial and problematic ; ethnic identity was neither rigid nor castelike . Most fundamentally , the perspective that posits a significant cultural gulf between communists and rural Indians and ...
... Indians , and ladinos came to understand the world and their place in it . That the leaders of the SRI and the labor unions usually were also members of the PCS has intrinsic importance but does not allow us to reduce those move- ments ...
... Indians . Yet the chapter tempers the view of 1932 as an anti - Indian massacre through its examination of non - Indian killings and the mild forms of repression employed in the heavily indigenous region south of San Salvador . Through ...
İçindekiler
1 | |
Politics and Labor in the 1920s | 32 |
The Social Geography and Culture of Mobilization | 63 |
Ethnic Conflict and Mestizajein Western Salvador 19141931 | 99 |
Repression and Radicalization September 1931January 1932 | 132 |
The Insurrection of January 1932 | 170 |
The Counter revolutionary Massacres | 209 |
The Political and Cultural Consequences of 1932 | 240 |
Epilogue | 275 |
Afterword | 281 |
Notes | 291 |
Bibliography | 375 |
Index | 387 |