To Rise in Darkness: Revolution, Repression, and Memory in El Salvador, 1920–1932Duke University Press, 9 Tem 2008 - 396 sayfa To Rise in Darkness offers a new perspective on a defining moment in modern Central American history. In January 1932 thousands of indigenous and ladino (non-Indian) rural laborers, provoked by electoral fraud and the repression of strikes, rose up and took control of several municipalities in central and western El Salvador. Within days the military and civilian militias retook the towns and executed thousands of people, most of whom were indigenous. This event, known as la Matanza (the massacre), has received relatively little scholarly attention. In To Rise in Darkness, Jeffrey L. Gould and Aldo A. Lauria-Santiago investigate memories of the massacre and its long-term cultural and political consequences. Gould conducted more than two hundred interviews with survivors of la Matanza and their descendants. He and Lauria-Santiago combine individual accounts with documentary sources from archives in El Salvador, Guatemala, Washington, London, and Moscow. They describe the political, economic, and cultural landscape of El Salvador during the 1920s and early 1930s, and offer a detailed narrative of the uprising and massacre. The authors challenge the prevailing idea that the Communist organizers of the uprising and the rural Indians who participated in it were two distinct groups. Gould and Lauria-Santiago demonstrate that many Communist militants were themselves rural Indians, some of whom had been union activists on the coffee plantations for several years prior to the rebellion. Moreover, by meticulously documenting local variations in class relations, ethnic identity, and political commitment, the authors show that those groups considered “Indian” in western El Salvador were far from homogeneous. The united revolutionary movement of January 1932 emerged out of significant cultural difference and conflict. |
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... peasants were getting screwed then just as they were now , and then everyone stood up to demand their rights . In response the National Guard murdered thousands of people . The time had come again to make a stand . This time it would be ...
... communities and contributed to a widespread rejection of the indigenous ethnic markers , such as language and dress . Yet thousands of rural workers XV Preface xvi Preface and peasants who had no notion of indigenous.
... peasants who had no notion of indigenous identity participated in the mobilization from 1929 to 1931. It is this contradictory response to mes- tizaje that distinguished El Salvador from its neighbors , and the ability of the left to ...
... peasantry , and the presence of an important layer of rural farmers and rich peasants challenge the traditional historiographical bipolar por- trait of El Salvador . The recognition that the emergence of coffee growing did not result in ...
... peasants.23 By the 1960s a new generation of politically committed intellectuals began to ques- tion both the official anticommunist views and the largely dismissive inter- pretation by the Salvadoran Communist Party ( PCS ) that the ...
İçindekiler
1 | |
Politics and Labor in the 1920s | 32 |
The Social Geography and Culture of Mobilization | 63 |
Ethnic Conflict and Mestizajein Western Salvador 19141931 | 99 |
Repression and Radicalization September 1931January 1932 | 132 |
The Insurrection of January 1932 | 170 |
The Counter revolutionary Massacres | 209 |
The Political and Cultural Consequences of 1932 | 240 |
Epilogue | 275 |
Afterword | 281 |
Notes | 291 |
Bibliography | 375 |
Index | 387 |