and the Dunstable PrioryP. Thus the king dipped and engaged Cranmer with himself in all his proceeding in this cause. Now as all these doings had danger in them, so especially this last highly provoked the pope for doing this without his leave and authority, as being a presumptuous encroachment upon his prerogative. Insomuch that a public act was made at Rome, that unless the king undid all that he had done, and restored all things in integrum, leaving them to his decision, he would excommunicate him. And this sentence was affixed and set up publicly at Dunkirk, Which put the king upon an appeal from The king the pope to the next general council, lawfully called. archbishop The archbishop also, foreseeing the pope's threatening appeal from the pope to hovering likewise over his head, by the king's advice, a general made his appeal by the English ambassador there. I have seen the king's original letter to Dr. Boner, ordering him writes to to signify to the pope, in order and form of law, his ap- in that bepeal, sending him also the instrument of his appeal, with the proxy devised for that purpose. This bare date August 18th, from his castle at Windsor. I have reposited it in the Appendix. Which order of the king Boner did ac- No IV. cordingly discharge at an audience he got of the pope at Marseilles, November 7. And that letter which the lord Herbert saith he saw of Boner to the king, wherein he signified as much, must be his answer to this of the king to him. couchement, since the word prince has been changed in two places into princess by the insertion of an s. The following lines are found in Holinshed's Chronicles, vol. ii. p. 985. Septembris (Deus hoc voluit) quæ septima Consecrata venit Domino volventibus annis P [See abp. Cranmer's Works, [See Lord Herbert's Life of council. The king Dr. Boner half. ed. Anno 1533. Dr. Cranmer having now yielded to the king to accept The archbishop is the archbishopric, it was in the beginning of the next year, consecrat- viz. 1533, March 30, and in the 24th of king Henry, that 19 he received his consecration: but that ushered in with abundance of bulls, some dated in February, and some in March, from pope Clement, to the number of eleven: as may be seen at length in the beginning of this archbishop's register. The pope's bullsr. The first was to king Henry, upon his nomination of Cranmer to him to be archbishop. The pope alloweth and promoteth him accordingly. The second was a bull to Cranmer himself, signifying the same. The third bull absolved him from any sentences of excommunication, suspension, interdiction, &c. It was written from the pope to him, under the title of archdeacon of Taunton in the church of Wells, and master in theology; and ran thus: Nos ne forsan aliquibus sententiis, censuris et pænis ecclesiasticis, ligatus sis, &c. Volentes te a quibusvis excommunicationis, suspensionis, et interdicti, aliisque ecclesiasticis sententiis, censuris, et pœnis, a jure vel ab homine, quavis occasione vel causa latis, &c. authoritate prædicta, tenore præsentium, absolvimus, et absolutum fore nuntiamus, non obstantibus constitutionibus, et ordinationibus apostolicis, &c. One might think that this bull was drawn up peculiarly for Cranmer's case: who, by reason he might have been suspected as infected with Lutheranism, or had meddled too much in the king's matrimonial cause; and so entangled in the church's censures, might have need of such assoiling. But I suppose it was but a customary bull. A fourth bull was to the suffragans of Canterbury; that is, to all the bishops in the province; signifying r [See Mason's Consecration of Bishops in the Church of England, pp. 65, 6. ed. Lond. 1613.] Cranmer's advancement to be their metropolitan. Apother to the city and diocese of Canterbury. Another to the chapter of the said church. Another to the vassals of the church: that is, to all such as held lands of it. Another to the people of the city. Another, wherewith the pall was sent to the archbishop of York and the bishop of London. Another, of the destination of the pall which, the bull saith, was taken de corpore B. Petri, to be presented to him by the archbishop of York and the bishop of London, or one of them, after he had received the gift of consecration. In this bull of the destination is an order, not to use the pall but on those proper days which were expressly mentioned in the privileges of the church on purpose to beget a greater esteem and veneration of this, and whatsoever baubles else came from Rome, and brought such treasure thither. king. The archbishop, according to custom, received these The archbishop surbulls, which the pope sent him to invest him with the renders archbishopric. But he surrendered them up to the king; them to the because he would not own the pope as the giver of this ecclesiastical dignity, but the king only, as he declared at his trial before queen Mary's commissioners at Oxford in the year 1555". thod of the consecra As to the act of consecration; first, they assembled in the The mechapter-house of the king's college of St. Stephen, near] the king's palace of Westminster. Present as witnesses, tion. Watkins, the king's prothonotary; Dr. John Tregonwel; Thomas Bedyl, clerk of the king's council; Richard Guent, doctor of decrees, of the court of Canterbury principal official; and John Cocks, the archbishop's auditor of the audience, and vicar-general in spirituals. The first 20 thing that was done by the archbishop elect, was for the satisfaction of his conscience: who was now before his consecration to take an oath of fidelity to the pope, which will follow by and by. This he saw consisted by no means with his allegiance to his sovereign: and therefore, how common and customary soever it were for bishops to take it, yet Cranmer in the first place, in the said chapterhouse, before the said witnesses, made a protestation, wherein he declared, that he intended not by the oath that he was to take, and was customary for bishops to take to the pope, to bind himself to do any thing contrary to the laws of God, the king's prerogative, or to the commonwealth and statutes of the kingdom: nor to tie himself up from speaking his mind freely in matters relating to the reformation of religion, the government of the church of England, and prerogative of the crown. And that according to this interpretation and meaning only he would take the oath, and no otherwise. This De Mini- protestation, because I think it is not recorded in our ster. p. 154. historians, except Mason", (and in him imperfect,) I have put it into the Appendix verbatim, as I transcribed it out of the archbishop's register. And having made this protestation, he bad the prothonotary to make one or more public instruments thereof, and desired the forementioned persons to be witnesses thereunto. After this protestation made, he, in the presence of these witnesses, being arrayed in sacerdotal garments, went up to the step of the high altar to receive consecration; where was sitting in a chair, honourably adorned, John Longland, the bishop of Lincoln, having on his pontificals, assisted by John Voicy, No. V. ▾ [Id. ibid.] W [See Mason's Consecration of the Bishops in the Church of England, pp. 71, 2. ed. Lond. 1613.] bishop of Exon, and Henry Standish, bishop of St. Asaph; holding in his hand a schedule with the oath, which he was now going to take to the pope and having withal his protestation, he, before the aforesaid witnesses, asserted and protested, that he would read the schedule, and perform the oath therein contained under the said protestation, which he said he made the same day in the chapter-house before those witnesses, and no otherwise, nor in any other manner. And then presently after, kneeling on his knees, read the schedule, containing the oath to the pope which I have reposited in the Ap- No. VI. pendix. Then the bishops proceeded to the consecrating of the archbishop. And then again, after the solemn consecration was finished, being about to receive his pall, when he was to take another oath to the pope, he protested again, in the presence of the same witnesses, that he took the following oath under the same protestation as he made before in the chapter-house, nor would perform it any other ways; and then took the oath. And after he had taken it, desired the prothonotary the third time to make a public instrument or instruments thereof. Which he did. ties. To these oaths I will add one more, which the arch- The archbishop's bishop took with a better stomach to the king, for his oath for the temporalties. This was for the most part the accustom-temporalable oath of bishops to the king, when they sued for their temporalties; but hardly reconcilable with the oath they had taken to the pope because in this oath was mentioned a renouncing of all privileges and grants of the pope, by virtue of his bulls, that might be prejudicial to the king, and an acknowledgment, that they held their 21 bishoprics only of the king, which the archbishop worded more fully, viz. That he held his archbishopric of the |