Origins and Development of the Turkish Novel

Ahmet Cemil Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Ahmet Mithat Araba Sevdası Aşk-i Memnu Beşir Fuat Bey's Beyoğlu Bihruz Bosporus Çamlıca Celâl characters classes classical Ottoman context convey criticism culture depiction Dilber discussed early Turkish novel Edebiyatı Efendi Ekrem elite environment European Felâtun Bey French Fuat's genre Goncourt brothers Goncourts Halit Ziya Hamidian Hamidian regime Hanım Hikâye Hüseyin ideas individual influence intellectual intelligentsia Intibah Islamic Istanbul Karabibik La Bête humaine literary Mahpeyker mansion Mansur meddah Mehmet milieu moral Murat Müşahedat Mustafa Nihat Namık Kemal narrative nineteenth century Ottoman Empire Ottoman poetry Paşa passage period plot poetry political popular presented prose protagonist psychological Rakım reader realist novel reformers romantic Sergüzeşt Şerif Mardin Servet-i Fünun Sezai slave social story style Suphi Tanzimat theme tion tradition translated Turkey Turkish fiction Turkish literature Turkish novelists Turkish society Victor Hugo Western Westernists women writers Young Ottoman Zehra Ziya's Zola Zola's