The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric OceaniaEthan E. Cochrane, Terry L. Hunt Oxford University Press, 2018 - 513 sayfa Oceania was the last region on earth to be permanently inhabited, with the final settlers reaching Aotearoa/New Zealand approximately AD 1300. This is about the same time that related Polynesian populations began erecting Easter Island's gigantic statues, farming the valley slopes of Tahiti and similar islands, and moving finely made basalt tools over several thousand kilometers of open ocean between Hawai'i, the Marquesas, the Cook Islands, and archipelagos in between. The remarkable prehistory of Polynesia is one chapter of Oceania's human story. Almost 50,000 years prior, people entered Oceania for the first time, arriving in New Guinea and its northern offshore islands shortly thereafter, a biogeographic region labelled Near Oceania and including parts of Melanesia. Near Oceania saw the independent development of agriculture and has a complex history resulting in the greatest linguistic diversity in the world. Beginning 1000 BC, after millennia of gradually accelerating cultural change in Near Oceania, some groups sailed east from this space of inter-visible islands and entered Remote Oceania, rapidly colonizing the widely separated separated archipelagos from Vanuatu to S'moa with purposeful, return voyages, and carrying an intricately decorated pottery called Lapita. From this common cultural foundation these populations developed separate, but occasionally connected, cultural traditions over the next 3000 years. Western Micronesia, the archipelagos of Palau, Guam and the Marianas, was also colonized around 1500 BC by canoes arriving from the west, beginning equally long sequences of increasingly complex social formations, exchange relationships and monumental constructions. All of these topics and others are presented in The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania written by Oceania's leading archaeologists and allied researchers. Chapters describe the cultural sequences of the region's major island groups, provide the most recent explanations for diversity and change in Oceanic prehistory, and lay the foundation for the next generation of research. |
İçindekiler
1 The Archaeology of Prehistoric Oceania | 1 |
2 The Peopling of Sahul and Near Oceania | 26 |
Steps Toward an Integrated Archaeological Perspective | 48 |
4 New Guinea | 69 |
5 Research Issues in the CircumNew Guinea Islands | 90 |
6 Understanding Lapita as History | 112 |
7 The Chronology of Colonization in Remote Oceania | 133 |
3000 Years of History across Islands of Ash and Coral | 162 |
13 Archaeology of the Eastern Caroline Islands Micronesia | 271 |
14 Linguistic Evidence as a Window into the Prehistory of Oceania | 302 |
15 Coastal Landforms on Islands of Pacific Oceania | 336 |
16 Colonization Settlement and Process in Central Eastern Polynesia | 353 |
17 The Prehistory of Hawaii | 375 |
18 The Prehistory of South Polynesia | 396 |
19 The Archaeology of Rapa Nui Easter Island | 416 |
Past Projects Current Progress and Future Prospects | 450 |
The Past of New Caledonia | 185 |
Melting Pot of the Southwest Pacific | 206 |
Contemporary Debates and Personal Perspectives | 231 |
12 The Archaeology of Western Micronesia | 252 |
Traditionalism and Beyond in Maritime Technology and Migration | 473 |
493 | |
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agricultural Allen Anderson appear archaeological archipelago artifacts Asia associated Athens Australian Austronesian Bedford breadfruit Burley central century ceramics Clark coast coastal colonization communities complex continued cultural dates dispersal early East Easter Island eastern essay et al European evidence excavations Figure Fiji Green groups Guinea Hawai‘i human Hunt indicate initial interaction Islands Journal Kirch land landscape languages Lapita late later linguistic Marianas material Melanesia Micronesia Museum nature northern occurred Oceania Oceanic origins Pacific Papua pattern period Perspectives Phase plants Pleistocene Polynesian population pottery prehistory present Press probably production radiocarbon Rapa Nui recent record region remains Remote Oceania result sailing Sand Science settlement similar social Society South Southeast Southern Spriggs stone structures studies suggest term tion Tonga traditions University Vanuatu western Zealand