Readings in Ecology

activity algæ amount animals ants aquatic arctic fox association author and publisher autotrophic balance Balanus beach behavior biological biomass biotic biotic potential bird broods calories carbon cent chemical Chthamalus climax coenose competition curve cycle density determined distribution dune ecologists ecology ecosystem effect energy flow Entomostraca environment environmental existence fact factors fish floristic flowering fluctuations food chain forest formation gram grassland grow growth growth-forms habitat heat herbivores increase indicated individuals influence insects instinct isopods kilograms lake Lake Mendota larvæ layers lemmings less limits maturity ment metabolism middle beach munities nature nitrogen observations odor organic matter oxygen parasites photosynthesis phytoplankton plankton plants population predation present production quantity reaction region relation Reprinted by permission respiration result salt season soil standing crop structure succession surface temperature term terrestrial tion trophallaxis trophic levels types Uniola vegetation xerophytic zone