Science and the Making of the Modern World

19th century agriculture Aristotle astronomical atomic became biology Britain called cent changes Chapter chemical chemistry China Chinese Communist complex Copernicus countries Darwin Descartes detailed discoveries early earth economic Einstein electric electrons energy enormous Europe European example experimental experiments factors famous France French Revolution Galileo genetics Germany growth human hydrogen Ibid ideas important increase Industrial Revolution industrialisation influence institutions integrated circuits involved Japan labour large numbers later Lavoisier laws London magnetic major mathematical mechanical Mendeleev's methods million modern motion natural Newton nuclear power observations organised Origin of Species original output period philosophy physics planets political population power stations predicted Principia principle problems production published radioactive Redrawn science and technology scientific community scientific knowledge scientific revolution scientists shows social sciences socialist society Soviet Union special relativity species spontaneous orders stars statistical structure telescope theory transistor uniformitarianism University Press