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who refuse to recognize the claim. I am told that in China it is thought that politeness requires a man to use disparaging words in speaking of anything belonging to himself, so that if he were asked of what religion he was, it would be proper for him to answer, The miserable superstition to which I am addicted is so-and-so. But as I cannot carry my politeness to such an extreme, I must decline to compliment away our own right to the title Catholic. It is curious how much easier it is to see the mote in our brother's eye than the beam in our own. dignitary of the Roman Church, from whom my critic borrowed his accusation against me of using offensive language towards my opponents, was obliged to confess that he had been in the habit of including members of our own Church with others outside the Roman communion under the common name of non-Catholics, and had apparently been unconscious that there was anything offensive in the phrase. Now if it is not offensive to call members of the Church of England, Anglicans, it cannot be offensive to call members of the Church of Rome, Romanists; but to call us who claim to be Catholics, non-Catholics is not only offensive but brutally offensive. And it makes no difference whether this is done in express words, as constantly happens, or done by implication, as when men speak of 'Catholic institutions,' a 'Catholic University,' and so forth, meaning thereby institutions in which Catholics in communion with the Church of Ireland have no share. Those who speak of Romanists as Catholics cannot help speaking and thinking of non-Romanists as non-Catholics. No other word can be substituted.

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For instance, the word 'Protestants' which it has been proposed to substitute will not answer. There are many non-Romanists who strongly object to be called Protestants. If Romanists think that the

concession of the word Catholics is one that we can properly make, let them set us the example, and speak of the members of our Church as Irish Catholics.

A friend has pointed out to me that I had but followed the example of Cardinal Newman, one of whose works bears the title Lectures on Romanism and popular Protestantism. And in truth there was no other name than 'Romanism' that he could have used. He was too great a master of the English language to use such a portentous word as Romancatholicism, and he was too good a theologian to use such a phrase as Roman Catholicism, as if there was not only such a thing as Catholicism but several kinds of it, Roman Catholicism being one variety.

Dogma of the Immaculate Conception, p. 20. The Pope's

personal infallibility, p. 20. The Vatican Council, p. 21.

Newman's letter to Ullathorne, p. 21; Janus, p. 22. Origin

of the Old Catholics, p. 22; their inconsistency, p. 24.

Changes in Roman Catholic text-books made necessary by

Vatican Council, p. 25. Bailly's Theology, p. 25. Keenan's

Catechism, p. 26. Roman Catholics acknowledge that the

Bible alone furnishes no sufficient basis for their system, p. 28;

in this they differ from early Fathers, p. 29. Bellarmine's rule

respecting tradition, p. 29. Jewel's challenge, p. 29.

Newman's Essay on Development, pp. 31-44; anticipations

of the theory, p. 31; applications of it, p. 32; it completely

abandons the old defence made by R. C. advocates, p. 33.

The Council of Trent, Milner, Wiseman, p. 33. Veneration

for the Fathers traditional in Roman Church, p. 34; this

veneration not consistent with theory of Development, p. 35.

The controversy between Bossuet and Jurieu, p. 35. The

theory of Development then maintained by the Calvinist, p. 35;

and also by Petau, p. 36. Bossuet's opposition to the theory,

p. 36. Bishop Bull's great work, p. 36. Newman's Essay

doubtfully received at first, p. 37. A Romanist advocate

strongly tempted to accept it, p. 38. Newman on Invocation

of the Virgin, p. 38. The doctrine of Development concedes

what the opponents of Romanism assert, p. 39; useless to

Romanists if not supplemented by doctrine of Infallibility,

p. 39. The doctrine of Development would equally serve to

justify Protestantism, p. 40. Great historical difficulty in the

way of the doctrine, p. 40. Local limitation of alleged de-

velopments, p. 41. Superiority of Protestant developments,

p. 41. Manning and Spurgeon, p. 43. Infidel tendency of

Roman Catholic line of argument, p. 44.

Particular topics of controversy cannot be safely neglected,

P. 45. Ordinary history of conversions from Romanism,

P. 46.

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