fastened on two reeds burnt before them, whilst one says thus to him, "So, holy father, passes away the glory of this world."

The Egyptians used to place the skeleton of a man framed in silver at their feasts, which moving, by clock-work on the table, turned to every one there, as much as to say, "You, and you, and all must die!"

JEWISH SAYINGS.-The Jews highly esteemed allegories, parables, or mysterious discourses; witness that saying of theirs, "Si quis noverit uti perplexiloquio, loquatur, sin minus taceat." If a man can use perplexing language, let him speak; otherwise let him remain silent.

So

It was a common saying among the Jews, That if there were but two men to be saved, the one would be a Pharisee, the other a Scribe. highly did they think of the ceremonial law.

The Jews, with respect to religion, were distinguished into three ranks, i. e. Pharisees, Scribes, or Sapientum discipuli, and Populus

terræ.

By a tradition yet extant in the Jewish writings, it appears that they reckoned it one of the six scandals for a Scribe or Pharisee to eat, dine, or drink, with any Publican or notorious sinner. This made them quarrel with our Saviour. (St. Matthew's Gospel.)

St. Paul was brought up to the trade of tent-making, according to the custom of the Jews, among whom it was a maxim, "That he who does not teach his son a trade, teaches him to be a thief."

The Jewish proverb says, "A man childless is lifeless."

Thus in St. Luke i. 25, Elizabeth exclaims, "Thus hath the Lord dealt with me, in the days wherein he looked on me, to take away my reproach among men."

The Jews have also another proverb, "Non esse prius aut posterius in scriptura," i. e. First and last must not be strictly urged in Scripture ; for that is related first which, according to the truth of Scripture, ought to be mentioned last. Thus mention is made of Mary which anointed the Lord (John xi.), yet her anointing of him follows in the next chapter.

CHURCH SOCIETIES.

MR. EDITOR.-I think every discerning member of our Church must perceive that the religious societies in connexion with her are not better supported, not because of any disaffection, much less aversion towards them, but simply because their claims have not been propounded in the zealous and industrious manner they ought to be, and because, in consequence, very many people are altogether ignorant of the existence, to say nothing of the nature and objects, of the societies. At the risk, therefore, of repeating what I have before advanced, I request your permission, Mr. Editor, to make a few further observations, in the humble hope of evoking the attention of my brother Churchmen to a subject which is confessedly of first-rate importance, and surely involves in it considerations of sufficient weight to rouse us into activity. At the present juncture especially, it ill becomes the

friends of the Church of England to stand idle. It is not only necessary that they should declare themselves on her side, but that they should afford the strongest and most convincing proof of their attachment, by zealously and publicly maintaining and disseminating the knowledge of the scriptural principles upon which she rests, and by which she is willing to be tried. This is THE ONLY SURE WAY both to secure for her the affections of her members, and to defeat the machinations of those who are confederated against her. Infidels, Romanists, Socinians, and separatists of all descriptions, are waging an unholy warfare with our Apostolic Church; and what is worse, their dangerous and delusive notions are frightfully on the spread, and must inevitably (unless timely counteracted) draw down Divine vengeance on our country. At such a time, therefore, we are peculiarly called upon, not only to show wherein the excellence of the Church consists, but unceasingly to seek, by God's gracious assistance, to retain within her community her present members, and, if possible, to restore those to it who have unhappily wandered away.

Our duty, however, does not end here; for we must strive zealously and incessantly, but with christian meekness and forbearance, to gain over many who are now grieving the Holy Spirit, and have evil will towards Zion. Nor is this all we are called upon likewise to make our Church more in practice, what she is in principle, a missionary Church—a Church that "careth for the strangers," and evincing in the persons of her individual members an anxiety to send the ambassadors of Christ to heathen nations, that he may be "sanctified before them, and his name be believed on in the world." To effect all these vast and important objects, the machinery in actual work is not sufficient. We have churches, but we want more. We have schools, but we want more. We have Bibles and books, but we want more. We have missionaries, too, but we want more. "The fields are white unto harvest, but the labourers are few." The times, indeed, in which we live are dangerous ones; our labours of love may be misconstrued, and our bestmeant services meet with ungrateful returns; but still we must not suffer ourselves to be faint-hearted or discouraged, but we must seriously "set ourselves to consider what may be done on our part, and what God may expect that we should do for the furtherance of his work, and the removal of impediments;" for "the more iniquity abounds, the more diligent it becomes the faithful to be in calling the attention of mankind to religious instruction." (Bishop Horsley.) The observations of Jeremy Taylor, too, are much to our purpose: "When the north wind," says he, "blows hard, and it rains sadly, none but fools sit down in it and cry; wise people defend themselves against it with a warm garment, or a good fire, and a dry roof. When a storm of a sad mischance beats upon our spirits, turn it into some advantage, by observing where it can serve another end, either of religion or prudence, or more safety, or less envy; it will turn into something that is good, if we list to make it so.” Now as the gospel is the only remedy for the wants and miseries of man, so it is also the only corrective of all the errors in faith and practice to which Christians are exposed, and the only standard to which appeal can be made. And as we believe our Church to be built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being

her chief corner stone, so do we consider, that in promoting her interests we are furthering the cause of the gospel, and providing most effectually for the sound christian education of all unto whom her influence can be made to extend. And it is with a view to the extension of her salutary influence that we would urge, in the strongest manner possible, the claims of three of her principal institutions-for THE BUILDING AND ENLARGING OF CHURCHES, for PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE, and for PROPAGATING THE GOSPEL and would most earnestly advise that immediate means be resorted to, for making these invaluable auxiliaries more efficient instruments than their present limited means permit them to be, for carrying on the great work they have in hand. To this work we are pledged as Christians; and our character of consistent Churchmen is lost, if we hesitate to co-operate with the societies of the Church, in doing, through them, all the good that lies in our power. But why, Mr. Editor, should there be any hesitation or reluctance about the matter? Why should we decline the labours of love in which the societies invite us to join? Why should not Bishops, pastors, and people, in their several stations, strive together to promote the glory of God, and the happiness of one another? Why should not parochial and district committees be multiplied, and their beneficial influence infused into the minds of our population? Why should not associations be formed at our different public seminaries, and the pupils thereat be incited to benefit their country, by assisting the work of charity in which the societies are employed? Why should not the attention of the members of our universities be pointedly and authoritatively drawn to the subject, and the student taught to support and venerate institutions, of the services of which it will be his duty to avail himself when he becomes a pastor? Why should not the cause of the societies be pleaded from our pulpits, and periodical collections made at our church doors? Why should thousands of our population, through the deficiency of church accommodation, be forced to seek instruction at the meeting-house, and imbibe all the prejudices and errors of dissent, when, by a little exertion and self-denial on our part, we might provide them the means of worship with ourselves in the bosom of our own scriptural Church? Why, when our brethren and countrymen, who have settled in foreign regions, require our friendly offices, do we by seeming neglect deprive ourselves of their sympathies, and evoke not their prayers in our behalf? Why, when the different missionaries are continually crying out, "Come over and help us!" do we disregard their importunities, and injure the cause of our common Christianity, by not putting the brethren at home in remembrance of their duty towards them, and of the obligations that lie upon them to strengthen their hands in preaching the gospel? Why should we leave ourselves open to the suspicion that we are heedless of our brethren's welfare, and indifferent whether the gospel be propagated or not? But why, on the contrary, should we not, whilst advancing, by God's blessing, in christian excellence ourselves, strenuously and cheerfully endeavour to strengthen our brethren in the faith, to bring into the way of truth all that have erred and are deceived, and to make the gospel known to all nations? Such questions as these it well becomes us, as "wise men," seriously to ponder upon and conscientiously to answer.

Far be it from me to recommend the adoption of any measures inconsistent either with the established rules of the societies, the sacred character of their work, or the discipline of that Church whose handmaids they are. All that I would urge is the carrying out to their proper length the correct principles by which the societies are actuated, and the making them the means of accomplishing all the good they are constitutionally competent to effect. To do this, we must excite the christian sympathies of our people, and admonish them of their duties and responsibilities. The good we do to others will undoubtedly react upon ourselves, and the scriptural promise become realized-“ He that watereth shall be watered also himself." If we are only unanimous and in earnest, the work of love will surely prosper, and many pending evils may, through God's mercy, be turned into so many blessings. Let, however, no time be lost. EVEN BEFORE THE MEETING OF ANOTHER PARLIAMENT, LET MUCH BE DONE. Let the Clergy do their utmost in forming efficient local associations, and, above all, in preaching sermons; and let the laity, of all ranks, be called upon to co-operate with them; for neither the exertions of one or the other can answer any effectual purpose unless they be reciprocal. And let not one Clergyman wait to see what his neighbour does, or whether his parishioners will come forward and volunteer their assistance to the societies; but let each individual Clergyman, remembering his own responsibilities, and the duty he owes his Church, and the religion of which he believes her to be the faithful conservator, seize the EARLIEST OPPORTUNITY of inviting all with whom he has any influence, to take part in the good work to which the societies are pledged, and to share with many thousands the blessings which they have it in their power to impart.

Again imploring the attention of my fellow-Christians and brotherChurchmen to this all important subject, and reminding them to seek the blessing of Heaven by diligent prayer,

I remain, Mr. Editor,

Your faithful servant and constant reader,

Nov. 16, 1834.

X.

ORGANO-HISTORICA;

Or the History of Cathedral and Parochial Organs.

NO. XVIII. THE ORGAN AT ST. GEORGE'S CHURCH, RATCLIFF HIGHWAY.

THE organ at the church of St. George in the East was built by Mr. Richard Bridge, in 1733, and, although a century old, is still in better preservation than many others of this artist's building, though of later construction. This instrument is in precisely the same state as when first erected, not having yet undergone any repair or alteration, as far as relates to extension of compass and other modern mechanical improvements, &c. With regard to quantity, quality, and purity of tone, it is by no means inferior to any instrument built by this artist.

Its only defect is, want of sufficient compass in the claviers. It contains the following stops :

The compass of the great and choir organs is from G G short octave, to D in alt, 52 notes; that of the swell from fiddle G, to D in alt, 32 notes. The quality of tone of the whole instrument, generally speaking, is very good. The chorus is brilliant and crisp; and perhaps

there is not an instrument in London with such an extensive sound board to the great organ, which, no doubt, is one of the causes, and which adds materially to that freedom of speech which characterises the full organ.

If the instrument were modernized, by the addition of horizontal bellows, pedal pipes, coupling stops, venetian swell, and another open diapason to the full organ, it would rank among the best of the London organs.

LAW REPORT.

No. XXX.-ON FIXTURES.

EMPSON 7. William Soden AND GEORGE Soden.*

THIS was an action of trover for one cart load of box, and one thousand plants of box. Plea, not guilty. At the trial before C. J. DENMAN, at the last Warwick assizes, the material facts appeared to be as follows. Mrs. Mackie was tenant to one Morris of a house and garden, which she gave up at Michaelmas, 1830,

and was then succeeded by the defendant, George Soden. Before her tenantcy expired, she sold to the plaintiff a quantity of box which she had brought upon the premises, and planted as borders to a walk made by her in the garden. After Michaelmas the plantiff came upon the premises to take away the box; and had dug up some

A tenant (not a gardener by trade) cannot remove a border of box planted on the demised premises by himself, unless by special agreement with the landlord. -Barnewall and Adolphus's Reports, Vol. III.