Grammaticalization as EconomyJohn Benjamins Publishing, 1 Oca 2004 - 320 sayfa This book provides much detail on the changes involving the grammaticalization of personal and relative pronouns, topicalized nominals, complementizers, adverbs, prepositions, modals, perception verbs, and aspectual markers. It accounts for these changes in terms of two structural economy principles. Head Preference expresses that single words, i.e. heads, are used to build structures rather than full phrases, and Late Merge states that waiting as late as possible to merge, i.e. be added to the structure, is preferred over movement. The book also discusses grammar-external processes (e.g. prescriptivist rules) that inhibit change, and innovations that replenish the grammaticalized element. Most of the changes involve the (extended) CP and IP: as elements grammaticalize clause boundaries disappear. Cross-linguistic differences exist as to whether the CP, IP, and VP are all present and split and this is formulated as the Layer Principle. Changes involving the CP are typically brought about by Head Preference, whereas those involving the IP and VP by Late Merge. |
İçindekiler
Introduction | 3 |
Economy | 10 |
CHAPTER | 13 |
Economy | 17 |
1 First and third person singular pronouns versus nouns | 21 |
Late Merge | 28 |
CHAPTER 3 | 37 |
Crosslinguistic differences in the split CP | 46 |
Patterns of grammaticalization | 152 |
Double modals | 164 |
Taking over the ASP position | 170 |
Late Merge and concluding remarks | 178 |
101 | 180 |
OE and ME | 193 |
Conclusion | 199 |
Changes in ASP | 208 |
Syntax and semantics | 55 |
2 | 57 |
Verb classes in the history of English | 64 |
The frequent absence of embedded CP in IndoEuropean | 71 |
The rise of the embedded | 77 |
1 | 79 |
From Spec to Head | 89 |
Other relatives | 96 |
Nonfinite complementizers in | 107 |
1 | 109 |
Topic incorporation | 114 |
From lexical to grammatical head | 120 |
From grammatical to grammatical head | 126 |
CHAPTER 7 | 135 |
IPs as reduced CPS VPs as reduced IP | 144 |
2 PC complements in the | 150 |
The Extent Phrase | 212 |
The demise of the infinitival ending and aspect | 221 |
1 Changes involving ASP and | 224 |
CHAPTER 11 | 229 |
From P to ASP to M to C | 237 |
1 Split vs nonsplit infinitives in spoken corpora | 246 |
Conclusion | 248 |
OE as partial PAL | 255 |
Conclusion | 261 |
1 First person changes in Case in HC | 272 |
Notes | 275 |
299 | |
307 | |
308 | |
317 | |
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Sık kullanılan terimler ve kelime öbekleri
15th century adverbs Anglo Saxon Chronicle anno argue arguments aspectual ASPP ASPP ASP auxiliaries become Beowulf century Chapter Chaucer checking Chomsky Cinque clausal clitic clitic climbing complementary distribution constructions coordinated Cursor Cursor Mundi deontic modals discussed double modals Dutch Economy Principles embedded English epistemic modals evidence evidential examples factives finite functional categories Gelderen German grammatical grammaticalization hence higher indicating infinitive inflection inner aspect instances languages Late Merge Layamon Layer Parameter lexical light verb linguists main clause main verb marker meaning mentioned ModE mood move negation negative non-assertive non-configurational languages non-factives non-finite noun occur Paston Letters perception verbs perfective phrasal phrase possible prefix preposition present tense pronouns reanalyzed relative Section sentences Spec CP Spec to Head specifier position split CP stative structure subjunctive texts topic Traugott typically Visser VP-shell wh-element þæt þat