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the minds of the multitude, to whom the questions which he professed to discuss were then new, and who were therefore liable to be misled by his shallow sophistries, rendered his writings really dangerous; and it was perhaps proper, at such a time, to put a stop to their circulation (as far as it could be done) by authority. But there were foolish things prohibited about the same time, that could have done as little harm as The Liberal is likely to do; and might have been safely left alone. If these did harm, or attracted the regard of the weakminded, it was because the sale of them was forbidden. Of this class of publications, I shall mention as an instance, "THE POLITICAL PROGRESS OF BRITAIN," a trifle which its author seems to have produced in a capricious mood, more in jest than in earnest, and with a view of displaying the odd peculiarities in his own character and sentiments, rather than of injuring his country, or producing a serious effect of any kind.

Men who seek celebrity, and the emolument that usually accompanies it in England, by courting prosecution, have of late years fallen upon a method which must succeed, unless the government neglects an essential, but painful duty. The railers in print, seem now to perceive that every thing that can be advanced in the form of argument, as objections against the religion or the civil government of England, has been advanced and refuted again and again. But though they can produce nothing in the way of argument against them, they can do what answers their purpose as well. They can shock the ears of the pious, the decent, and the loyal, by treating sacred things with a coarse familiarity, and putting rude blasphemies into the mouths of wretches to whom ribaldry and profanity are jests; and a jest is an argument, indeed the only argument they value or comprehend. The venders of such things must be prosecuted, and should be punished too, did our laws inflict a penalty on libel, which such miscreants would feel to be punishment; for it is degrading to the character of our country, that it produces men who can compose or read such things; and they admit not of being answered in any

A sad mixture it was of internal stupidity and external weakness that permitted this. Witness my hand.-M. ODOHERTY aid to onil v teoms of abna

other way, for argument can only be abominable composition, (The Vision used against argument. To answer of Judgment,) there is something to railing with railing, is to repeat the shock the feelings of every man who offence with aggravation. The circum- has the least respect for religion, or stance which renders the prosecution love of his country, which makes it of such writers particularly painful to improper to quote the author's idenofficers of government, is, that their tical words. "It probably was meant scoffs and blasphemies against law and as a security against its being too freereligion, are so mixed up with abuse ly quoted. The abhorrence, on some of the ministers of state, and agents occasions, expressed by the Liberals of government, as to give to the pro- at scenes of slaughter and bloodshed, secution some shew of being underta- were it sincere, would teach them to ken on their behalf. It is many years rejoice at the issue of the battle of since any libel against the ministers, Waterloo ; for who sees not, that if it either individually or as a party, has had been different, the carnage, in all been written with sufficient ability, or probability, must have continued to even plausibility, to provoke resent- this day? "But on that auspicious day, ment, or attract serious notice. the cause of Liberty and Old England

So little have I of the esprit de corps was completely triumphant, and at of authorship, that I feel a greater once the carnage ceased. Reasonable concern for my rights as a reader than and honourable terms of peace, our as a writer. I would much rather see country could never get from her enethe press subjected to a judicious cen- mies, whilst a hope remained of ensorship, than be accountable for what slaving her ; but the moment that her I read to any tribunal, however libe- righteous cause, (the cause of all manral and intelligent, or liable to control kind, not excepting her enemies,) was in my choice of books and papers that triumphant, she accorded indulgent are allowed to be published; and such terms to them, and not one man has only I desire to read. A loyalist and since fallen by the hand of war, in patriot never knowingly looks into a Christendom. And this is the sad work, of which the publication and catastrophe deplored above all others, sale have, by a verdict and sentence of by the Liberal party all over the a court, been declared to be illegal, world. though no penalty attaches to the But the issue of our glorious strugreading of it; for a patriot's is a gene- gle, had it been merely that the forrous and willing, 'not a slavish and tune of England prevailed over that of forced, obedience to the laws. It is her ancient enemy, though that would not the dread of the penalty, but a have been hard to digest, would have consciousness, that to transgress or to been endurable ; but, alas ! the cause countenance the transgressors of the of England was the cause of freedom laws is wrong, that withholds him against tyranny, of right against rio from offending

lence and usurpation. There was the In a former part of the preface, the rub. The foul and deformed spirit of author calls his Grace of Wellington, jacobinism, when touched by thesword “ The Duke of What's-his-name now of liberty, was compelled to quit his flourishing ;" and at the part to which disguise, and appear in his own hidewe have arrived, where he condescend- ous shape; and the charm being broke, ingly recollects the title of this very the less intellectual half of mankind, insignificant person, he tells us that (if I may thus speak of nine-tenths of "he is a good hunting captain, a sort all the intelligent men in the world), of human setter, who has confounded waked from the vain dream in which the rights of nations with those of a their faculties had been entranced for manor.” Were not the cause of the half an age, never to be subjected to spleen shewn by the Liberals against the spells of the demon again. Many the Duke otherwise sufficiently appa- of them give their deliverer no thanks. 'rent, it receives an ample explanation With Caliban, they could cry to dream in one of the profane stanzas, that again, and some there are who wilfully form the principal article in the vo- shut their eyes, and talk as if they lume, where the battle of Waterloo is were dreaming still. But they are called “ the crowning carnage" of that awake for all that. Something now and era of horrors, the French Revolu- then slips out, to shew that they see tion, when each day slew its thou- and understand as other people do, and sands. In almost every line of this their perversity serves but to divert

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those whom they wish to vex by it. expressed. But Southey, though hangThe composers of the Liberal would ed, or sentenced to be hanged, in verse, laugh at any besotted Jacobin, (for will live the term of nature, if nothing some few there are so besotted as to befalls him till the triumphal day of dream on, and are not to be awaken- Liberalism. * ed), that supposed them to be serious I know not whether to call “ The in their anticipations of success for the Vision of Judgment" a travesty on a cause which they advocate and.eulo- composition of the same name by Mr gise. They do not, (and it is credite Southey, or a gloss on a sorry and able to their wits that they do not), witless sarcasm of Quevedo's. A jest seriously attempt to disguise from any that do not excite a smile, drawled but dunces and dreamers, that the mo- out through nine-and-thirty pages; tives that prompt them to write are, a must be a dull one. I wish this were desire to be admired as wits and clever the worst that could be said of it. The fellows; to fill their pockets, (motives object of its author is less to amuse which I do not blame, for they are my than to shock. own); and to ease their hearts of a part It will be perceived, that the few of their load of bitterness, by spitting observations that follow, though occaout venom at those who have wounded sioned by the perusal of this vile com. their vanity, or lessened their gains by position, are not criticism on the work neglect or censure. Foremost amongst itself. thesestands Mr Southey, against whom Southey's Vision of Judgment apthey denounce sentence of hanging, peared to me to be an ill-judged, and (see the Vision of Judgment, near the not a well-executed work. It certainly end), to be executed whenever Liberal- has added nothing to the reputation of ism'shall prevail over legitimate pre- its author in any respect. The notence. In the excess of their glee, when bleness of his motive, (to do justice to pronouncing sentence of summary ex- the memory of our late sovereign, the ecution against Southey, they seem for great and good George III. whom i a moment to have forgotten that Ja- venerate above any other man recordcobinism is a dream from which the ed in history), does not atone for the world has awaked, and to be dreaming indiscretion of putting it into so reprethemselves. The execution of Southey hensible a form. Milton's example is the only particular advantage to be will perhaps be pleaded in his vindiderived from the triumph of Liberal- cation, as it has been pleaded in deism, which they condescend to speci- fence of the author of Cain. But Milfy. Come what will of the rest of us ton alone has ever founded a fiction on legitimate pretenders, Southey's doom the basis of revelation, without degradis fixed. He is a “ MARKED MAN!” ing his subject. He alone has succeedThis term, by the bye, in such high ed in carrying his readers into the spifavour among the Jacobins in their - ritual world. No other attempt of the high days, I observe, has fallen into kind has ever appeared that can be read disuse of late ; and it is not amiss that without a constant feeling of somethe party on whom a portion of their thing like burlesque, (it requires no -spirit has fallen should occasionally let travesty to excite this feeling), and a us see, that if they do not use the wish that the Tartarus and Elysium words, they have not forgotten their of the idolatrous Greeks should still " meaning, nor lost sight altogether of be the hell and the heaven of poetry. the humane and liberal purpose they A smile at the puerilities, and a laugh

The proper word here would be Jacobinism, but Jacobin is a mere party nickname, a word that had not a meaning till it became the name of a party; and having received its meaning from the character and conduct of a party who were every thing that is infamous, unrelieved by any thing that is tolerable, it is a name not to be written or uttered by the Candid where there is a possibility of its being misapplied. It was the more than implied, the strongly expressed regrets at the triumph of Liberty and Old England at Waterloo, and the more than Liberal sentiments conveyed in that ingenious piece of satire, the threat of a halter denounced by the poet against his reviewer when. ever a reform shall take place, that led me to use it at all. As the Bishop is a figure that denotes the church, the Southeys” may mean all reviewers and authors who presume to despise the works of “ The Liberal.”

at the absurdity of the poet, might mentioned the authors of the North then be enjoyed by the reader without Briton and of Junius's Letters, it bean apprehension that he was guilty of comes necessary to observe, that these profanity in giving way to it. Milton worthies are in some sort the heroes of has been blamed by the most judicious the travesty. The OLD Jacobin, who critics, and his warmest admirers, for was a liar from the beginning, calls expressing the counsels of Eternal myriads of spirits to prove his claim Wisdom and the decrees of Almighty to George III., and this respectable pair Power, by words assigned to the Deity. are selected as spokesmen. Junius It offends against poetical propriety utters a notable Liberalism in the only and poetical probability. It is impos- line of the travesty which I shall quote. sible to deceive ourselves into a mo

“ I loved my country, and I hated him." mentary and poetical belief, that words proceeded from the Holy Spirit, ex- That is to say, the King. I do not cept on the warrant of inspiration it. think that any injustice is done to this self. It is here only that Milton fails, writer in having such a sentiment imand here Milton sometimes shocks. puted to him, for it is one that he oft, The language and conduct ascribed by en betrays, though he is careful not to Milton to his inferior spirits, accords utter it. If he had plainly expressed so well with our conceptions and be- his hatred to the King, his pretence of lief respecting their nature and ex- loving his country would have availed istence, that in many places we forget him little, and his popularity would that they are in any respect the crea have been at an end; for when he tures of imagination. The blasphemies wrote, even the mob were but half of Milton's devils offend not a pious liberalised, or, if there were some ear, because they are devils who utter truly liberal and enlightened spirits them. Nor are we displeased with the among us, (as there always are in every poet's presumption in feigning lan- country,) they were men who had not guage for heavenly spirits,

because it been taught to read, and whose favour is a language that lifts the soul to was of no value to an author. But

Heaven; and we more than believe, with this man of bombast I have no- we know and feel, that whatever may thing to do. I take the expressions be the nature of the language of an- put into his mouth to be the senti gels, the language of the poet truly ments of the authors of The Liberal, interprets their sentiments. The words and the party for whom they write. are human, but the truths they ex- It is in vain to disclaim them as none press, and the doctrines they teach, are of their own, and to say they are exdivine. Nothing of the same kind can pressions in character, which they put be said of any other fable, serious or into the mouth of a noted liar, speakludicrous, pious or profane, that has ing at the instigation of the father of yet been written in any age or lan- lies. The author, speaking in his own guage. No one ever for a moment person, pretends no love for his counthought of Cain, or of good or evil try, and it is creditable to his sincerity spirits, or of St Peter, or of John that he does not. His unnatural haWilkes of disinterested memory, or of tred to the great and good King is the lying and braggart author of Ju- ostentatiously displayed throughout. nius's Letters, on reading the writings It is not easy to explain how it is perof Byron. It is the author alone who ceived, yet it is always easy to perscoffs and blasphemes throughout. ceive, when the words which an ay.

These pages may fall into the hands thor puts into the mouth of any of his of some who have not seen the Vision characters express his own sentiments, of Judgment, or the travesty. Having or sentiments which he wishes his

• I remark not on the unmanly conduct of the writer of the letters of Junius, in persisting in his concealment after outraging the feelings of respectable individuals by injurious misrepresentations of matters with which the public had no concern, as well as the feelings common to every honest Briton by insulting his King, because, for the present, I mean not to entrust the reading public with more of my own name than the ini. tials ; although I trust I shall never publish any thing that should make it inconvenia' ent to avail myself, if it is my wish, or unbecoming to remain concealed whilst such is my pleasure.

From the imperfect remembrance I have of some of Lord Byron's produc-> tions, which I read not many years since, I cannot but think that this is not what his readers had a right to expect, in a work given to the world evidently with his Lordship's sanc tion, though published without his name, although there has been a woful falling off in his more recent productions; and it is also understood, that whilst engaged on The Liberal, he has been condemned to keep very dull company, not all unknown to the read ing public within the bills of mortality.

The

When a man is banished from genteel society, it is usual to say that he is sent to Coventry. When an author is refused a second hearing at the theatres, or a perusal by the reading public, he is said to be damned. spirit of the age-the current of opi nion," sets strong against capital punishments; and I think the sentence of damnation pronounced against the un successful poet may very well be com muted in future for banishment to Pisa. A lady cannot, without violating decorum, express the sentence passed on a poor poet who is damned; but could have no hesitation in telling her company, that the audience at the theatre last night sent the author of Fustiano to Pisa. The spirit of Mr Southey, till he shall have redeemed. the error he committed in writing the Vision of Judgment, by producing something more worthy of himself, is condemned to wander in the doleful purgatory of Pisa. His penance, it is to be hoped, will be of short duration. But a new kingdom, another Erebus, opens before me, and I must not pursue the tempting theme farther, or people my new dominion too fast. Being about to appear before the reading public, with many chances against me of being sent to Pisa myself, it would be imprudent to make too many enemies amongst those who may be there before me.

Were it not probable, that the composers of The Liberal have attempted to hoax their readers by imitating and burlesquing the style and manner of each other, I should say that the ingenious conceits, the happy alliterations, such as a collar made by Wilkins, forming a main ingredient of life, Motherwit and Mother West-end, and flowers

reader to approve. The inference de ducible from the line quoted is, that the authors think, or wish it to be thought, that there is no necessary connexion between loyalty and patriot ism, but that it is possible for a man at the same time to hate his King and love his country. Instead of com menting on this paradox, I shall state my own opinion of the matter, which I need not say is completely the reverse of theirs.

Loyalty and patriotism, it is admit ted, are not terms that mean the same thing; they are not always convertible terms that may be used indiscrimi nately; and a metaphysician, when inquiring into the nature and cause, the origin and end, of our feelings and affections, does right to distinguish between them. But it is distinguish ing too curiously to attend to this on any other occasion. For though loy alty and patriotism are terms that do not denote the same affection, they are affections that cannot subsist asunder; and where the one is destroyed, the other vanishes. Each, in its turn, becomes a criterion by which to judge of the soundness of pretensions to the other. It is no want of charity to consider that man's pretensions to patriotism as hypocrisy, whose loyalty may be fairly called in question; and it is in vain for any man to pretend to love his King, who betrays a want of feeling for the honour and prosperity of his country. That man neither fears God nor honours the King, nor loves liberty and Old England, whose heart does not glow with gratitude and pride at the name of Trafalgar or Waterloo.

Of the other pieces that fill up the publication, (with the exception of some lines in the last page, to be considered by themselves,) I have never heard any body speak, and believe few but inyself have ever read them. The perusal was a task I should never have got through, had I not consider ed it a duty, and made it a point of honour with myself to perform it, after making choice of their preface for my foot-cloth, in walking over the dreary and dirty field of Liberalism.

It' any one else has done the same, I venture to say, he will hereafter be disposed to yawn whenever "The Liberal" is mentioned in his hearing.

In the form of a folio, which all the world must read.

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