ment,' that is to say, the concentration-camp infested with fever, surrounded by hostile Bedouins and Kurds, camps offering only starvation as an inducement to settlement, these few faced a slow but much more frightful death.

"Sometimes matters did not move quickly enough for the Government; in the fall of 1916 occurred a well-authenticated caseauthenticated by German officials of the Bagdad Railway-when several thousand Armenians, sent to this stretch of railroad as laborers, simply disappeared without leaving a trace behind ('spurlos verschwunden' are the words the author uses, similar to those of Count Luxburg). It is to be assumed that they were simply taken into the desert and massacred. Official book is being kept of the sins of Talaat's Government-in spite of the censorship, and the watch kept on the border. This book is being kept by the American Embassy as well as in the neutral and Entente countries. And when peace negotiations begin this criminal gang of Young Turks will be relentlessly charged with the balance against them in court where all the civilized nations will sit as judges."

The Greek Massacres.

The gentle Turk is again enjoying himself. An Athens dispatch to the London Daily Chronicle runs :

"The succession of official reports which have been published describing the savage persecution, massacres, violation of women and girls, pillage and other atrocities, aiming at the systematic annihilation of the Greek element in Asia Minor and Greek Thrace, have aroused indescribable indignation throughout Greece.

"Newspapers of all shades of opinion condemn in the strongest language these outrages on the part of the Young Turk, whose anti-Greek policy will, they say, prove fatal to Turkey. The newspapers express the opinion that Greek vitality will survive even the severe trial which it is undergoing, adding that it is impossible for a free people not to rebel against the continuation of such atrocities or to allow their tyrants to continue with impunity their work of destruction of the Greek race."

Woes in Rumania.

"Not a pair of shoes can be bought in Roumania at any price; rich women wear ragged clothes because material cannot be purchased; even women in mourning cannot secure material for a black waist," declared Lieutenant Frank Connes, interpreter for the American Red Cross mission to Roumania, who returned to San Francisco yesterday. He continued:

Major Arthur G. Glasgow, vice chairman of the mission, which also acted for the Government, and Major Bernard Flexner, brother of Dr. Simon Flexner of the Rockefeller foundation, are speeding to Washington to report on the terrible condition of Roumania to the War Council, and to recommend an increased loan to Roumania by this Government.

Roumanian soldiers are the best in the world under the circumstances.

Queen Mary is working day and night visiting the sick and wounded.

Refugees from the best two-thirds of the country, occupied by the Germans, have poured into the remainder of the country. In the capital, Jassy, 350,000 people are gathered, although its normal population is 80,000.

Last winter 200,000 people died of typhus, attributed to starvation, lack of fuel and lack of soap. Their oxen were eaten by their allies, the Russians.

Doors and window frames were chopped up for fuel. I gave a woman a cake of soap, which was to her like a present of the Woolworth building.

Because of the remarkable spirit of the people, Colonel Henry W. Anderson, chairman of the mission, promised the Queen he would remain in Jassy all winter, until aid from America has met the country's needs.

U. S. Pledges Support to Rumanians.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 1.-America's pledge to support and use. its efforts to maintain Roumanian integrity has been given to that government by President Wilson in a message sent to the King. The message of the President follows:

The people of the United States have watched with feelings of warmest sympathy and admiration the struggle of Your Majesty and the people of Roumania to preserve from the domination of German militarism their national integrity and freedom. The Government of the United States is determined to continue to assist Roumania in this struggle.

At the same time I wish to assure Your Majesty that the United States will support Roumania after the war to the best of its ability and that in any final negotiations for peace it will use its constant efforts to see to it that the integrity of Roumania as a free and independent nation is adequately safeguarded.

Serbs Put to Death by Austrian Butchers.

Horrors perpetrated on Austrian subjects with the sanction of the Austrian Government, excelling even those recorded of the Germans in Belgium, are revealed in a speech delivered in the Vienna parliament by the Jugoslav deputy, Mr. Tresic-Pavieic. Only part of the speech has been allowed by the censor to be published in a Crotian paper. Still, even in its mutilated form, it is one of the most terrible records of the war.

Evidently the deputy, who has suffered three years' imprisonment, fears that his revelations may cost him his life, for in beginning his speech he said: "If by any means I should disappear, the reason for it must not be sought in that I am weary of life, although for three years death has often appeared to me as a thing very desirable."

The policy pursued, the deputy asserted, has been one of systematic extermination of the Jugoslavs by halter, bullet and bay

onet, dungeon, famine and intentionally induced disease. Here are a few extracts from the deputy's indictment:

"In Celebic, in the district of Doda, the entire male population from 14 to 50 years of age, was cut to pieces by the soldiery without any form of trial. The priest was hanged beforehand as a

hostage.

"In the concentration camps the evacuated Istrians died off like flies of hunger. A Catholic priest of Istria declared that he alone blessed the corpses of more than 2,000 evacuated Croats. The Montenegrin medical student Bajea Martinic says that he saw more than 8,000 evacuated Serbs from Istria die in Styria.

Dug Their Own Graves.

"The autocrat of Bosnia, General Petiorek, had given order to remove all Serbs of Bosnia-Herzegovina from the frontier. Anyone venturing to oppose them was killed on the spot. The inhabitants of the village of Svice were all removed. At Mount Rado they were halted and compelled to dig their own graves and lie down in them. Many women lay down in their graves with their children in their arms. Then the soldiers shot them one by one. The survivors had to shovel the earth upon the dead until it came to their turn, and these graves were filled in by the soldiers.

"At Mostar there was a wholesale murder of the best educated and most notable of the population who had been arrested as hostages. Only very few contrived to play their part to the end and to save their lives.

"As a rule they were, by order of some officer, taken from the casemates to the courtyard, where each of them was handed over to two Moslems armed to the teeth. The officer then proceeded in a loud voice to instruct the guards for half an hour, pointing out all the cases in which they must kill the hostage. 'At the slightest sound, plunge the bayonet into his heart. If you hear the crack of a rifle in the woods, blow out his brains. If he should turn to the left, shoot him; if he makes a movement toward the right, cut him to pieces.' And the Moslem guard did not stand in need of these encouragements."

800 Victims.

After describing the fiendish cruelties practiced in some of the prisons, including those of Arad and Doboj, where thousands died. of starvation, smallpox, typhus and cholera, the deputy said children could be seen crying to their dead mothers for food. In accordance with instructions, the wardens did their best to send their unfortunate charges into the next world. "The most convenient and profitable method was to starve them."

In Doboj alone "more than 8,000 innocents were done to death." The entire population of the village of Kupinovo was arrested in September, 1914, and the notabilities were taken to a cemetery and bayoneted, their homes having previously been set on fire by Magyars.

"At Zomun," continued the deputy, "Professor Savic was killed in his own house. He was robbed of 50,000 crowns and his body thrown into the Drave.

Black Hole of Mostar.

"In the neighborhood of Zabace 82 persons were hanged at once, without trial; in Trebinji, 103 in all, for the conclusive reason that they were notabilities. Seventy-one were hanged in Foca for the same reason. In another district 300 Serbian corpses were seen hanging from the branches. The entire Serbo-Montenegrin frontier has been almost denuded of its population, and, like the Palatinate in the time of Louis XIV, it has been turned into a desert. It is said that General Potiorsk signed 3,500 death warrants with his own hands. (Cries of indignation.)

"In Mostar the prisoners slept in a basement, on the floor, crowded one on top of the other, together with thieves, brigands and gypsies. The bucket was always full, and overflowed on the floor upon which they had to move, sleep and eat. The greatest horror of this dungeon was its gaoler, Kaspar Scholier. This individual, armed with an iron crook which he had nicknamed the Kronprinz, used to call on his unhappy charges more often than the latter found desirable, and belabored them blindly about the head and shoulders with his Kronprinz. Blood trickled down the faces of his victims."

CHAPTER XIX.

David and Goliah.

And all this assembly shall know that the Lord saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is the Lord's, and he will give you into our hands.

These words were spoken in a very critical moment to an Enemy giant, having brought a whole army of Israel into confusion and dismay. Saul, himself the head higher than all his men, dared not enter the conflict on this occasion. He had dared to disobey his God, but he did not dare to meet a heathen giant.

It was war between Israel on the one side, and the Philistines on the other. The Philistines had in their army a giant, who stepped forward challenging the Israelites to select one man to meet him in a duel, or a fight between two.

If then, the representative of Israel could slay Goliath, the Philistines would be the servants and subordinates to Israel, but if Goliath came out victorious, the Israelites should become the servants of the Philistines.

Now this was a fair proposition, in a way, especially as it was initiated by the heathen.

For this is the substance of the challenge: Is a Christian as good as a heathen? Which one is to come out victorious? Which one shall predominate? Which one shall exert the ruling, moulding, fashioning power of the age?

How do the combatants compare? From all outward appearance, who is likely to win?

Let us examine the two closely.

Goliath, a giant, six cubits and a span high (about ten feet). He has a helmet of brass upon his head, and he is protected with a coat of mail; and the weight of his coat is five thousand shekels. of brass. And he has greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass upon his shoulders. The staff of his spear is like a weaver's beam, and his spear's head weighs six hundred shekels. of iron. He has one person to carry his shield before him.

This is the heathen, the worldly minded representative, the man of the flesh who admires stature, who depends on the mailcovering of his body, the length of the spear handle, and the weight of the spear head. He is equipped proficiently and ingeniously, respecting as well the defensive as the progressive. The world salutes and congratulates the Philistines.

David, a young man, and not a soldier, steps forward. All he has is a staff in his hand and a shepherd's bag. He is small in stature, ruddy and of fair countenance. But he has his shepherd's bag, and it may contain something which we cannot detect by looking at it from without.

The combatants are to have a discussion before engaging one another in the death struggle.

Goliath, the Philistine representative, says:

"Am I a dog, that thou cometh to me with staves?" And the