1604 A.D.

THE ONLY COPY KNOWN.

[116] MONSALVE (Fray Miguel de), a Dominican Missionary in Peru. REDUCION UNIVERSAL DE TODO EL PIRU, Y DE MAS INDIAS, CON OTROS MUCHOS AVISOS PARA EL BIEN DE LOS NATURALES DELLAS, Y EN AUMENTO DE LAS REALES RENTAS. DIRIGIDO A LA CATOLICA MAGESTAD DEL REY DON FELIPE TERCERO. COMPUESTO POR EL PADRE FRAY MIGUEL DE MONSALVE, DE LA ORDEN DE PREDICADORES, MORADEL DEL REYNO DEL PIRU.

4to, vellum.

(Lima, 1604.)

(SEE ILLUSTRATION, PLATE NO. XXVI.).

Sabin No. 50037.

£210

THE ONLY COPY KNOWN OF ONE OF THE RAREST BOOKS ON AMERICA, PRINTED IN AMERICA PRIVATELY FOR THE AUTHOR TO PRESENT TO THE KING AND THE MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL OF THE INDIES

The author gives a short glossary of Indian terms and a list of Indians who live with the Spaniards, or in their service. In the preface he states that he has been a rover throughout America. He has visited Peru, New Granada, Domingo, Porto Rico, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, New Andalusia, etc. He calls the King's attention to the fact that much silver and gold is being yearly exported from Mexico, Peru, and the Nuevo Reyno (de Granada) illegally, without paying excise to the Crown. In the same way sugar and slaves are being dealt with in Porto Rico, Caracas, Jamaica, San Domingo, Cuba, etc., without paying excise to the King. Not only Spaniards are defrauding the Royal revenues, but English, French and Portuguese. He states that the whole of the mines were busy defrauding the King and that he lost 200,000 pesos yearly in this manner from the mines alone. The state of disorganisation in the Spanish provinces was surpassing all belief. The author proposes to tell the King a secret by which he can multiply the riches coming from the Indies many times and add to their population. The author spent 37 years among the Miserables Indios." He alleges that the Indians were terribly maltreated and murdered to enrich their Spanish taskmasters. He describes the means of obtaining more than one million pesos yearly for the King in addition to what he was already receiving from Peru, without raising the taxes.

From the Library of and with the old bookplate of Antonio Alvarez de Abreu, Member of the Supreme Council of the Indies

NO COPY IN THE CHURCH CATALOGUE.

THE ORIGINAL PORTUGUESE ACCOUNT OF THE FIRST EXPEDITION TO INDIA SENT OUT BY THE ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY.

1604 A.D. [117] ESTACIO DO AMARAL (MELCHIOR). Tratado das
Batalhas, e Sucessos do Galeam Santiago com os Olandezes na
Ilha de Santa Elena, e da Nao Chagas com os Inglezes entie as
Ilha dos Açores.

Woodcut of a shipwreck on title. 86 pp., small 4to, or. vellum.
Lisbon, 1604.

(SEE ILLUSTRATION, PLATE NO. XXVII.).

Sabin No. 23027

£150

*** The FIRST EDITION of the exceedingly rare original relation, dealing very largely with the first successful attempt of England to establish direct trade with India, and of the first expedition sent out by the English East India Company in 1602. It gives interesting details of the Naval Battles, etc., between the British and Portuguese Fleets. The relation also deals with America, and refers to Christopher Columbus, Sir Francis Drake, and others. Chapter 4 treats of the " Navigation of Guinea, Brazil and the Orient appertaining to the Crown of Portugal."

The defeat of the Spanish Armada greatly stimulated English maritime enterprise, by inspiring the people with additional confidence in their national superiority at sea; and, in October, 1589, less than one year after that event, a body of English merchants memoralised the Queen for permission to send ships to trade in India. This was readily granted, and three vessels, the Penelope, the Marchant Royal, and the Edward Bonaventure, under the command of Captain George Raymond, sailed in 1591. The fleet was dispersed by a storm; Captain Raymond, in the principal ship, was never heard of again, and Master James Lancaster was the only one that accomplished the voyage. Although the adventurers failed to realise the expected return for their investments, the practicability of the scheme had been proved, and others were encouraged to embark in a similar enterprise.

The next attempt to open up the trade with India was made, principally at the cost of Sir Robert Dudley, in 1596, when a fleet of three vessels (the Bear, the Bear's Whelp, and the Benjamin), under the command of Captain Benjamin Wood, were fitted out for an expedition to the East, and carried a letter from Queen Elizabeth to the Emperor of China, "but not one of the company ever returned to give an account of the rest."

Whilst these attempts were being made by England to establish a direct trade with India, similar steps were being taken by the Dutch, and in 1594 a Company was formed in Holland, called The Company of Foreign Merchants," by whom four ships were fitted out at Amsterdam. These made a successful voyage to Bantam, and three of them returned, in 1597, richly laden with spices and other Indian produce. One of the results of this voyage was, undoubtedly, the bringing into unison of a large number of English merchants for a similar purpose, who formed themselves into an association and subscribed upwards of £30,000 in support of the undertaking. A petition was presented to Queen Elizabeth for her royal assent to the intended project. by her a Charter of Incorporation was granted to George, Earl of Cumberland, and two hundred and fifteen knights, aldermen, and merchants under the name of "The Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies."

The first expedition sent out by this Company was placed under the command of Captain (afterwards Sir) James Lancaster. For the fleet to be employed upon this voyage they purchased vessels in the River Thames, one of which, the Mare Scurge, of 600 tons, was bought from, the Earl of Cumberland for 23.700. This had been a ship of war, built by the Earl for the express purpose of cruising against the Spaniards; on being purchased by the Company, her name was changed to the Red Dragon. The other vessels purchased for this voyage were the Susan. of 240 tons, the Hector, of 300 tons, and the Ascension, of 260 tons, whilst a small ship, called the Guift, of 130 tons, was bought for £300 and accompanied the fleet as a victualler.

It is this expedition which is described in this tract from the Portuguese point of view.

PLATE XIX.

Sumario copēdiofo delas quētas

de plata y 020 ğ en los reynos del iru fon neceffarias a los mercaderes:y todo genero de tratantes. Lo algunas reglas tocantes al rithmetica.

Fecho for Juan Diez freyle.

Title-page from

'Juan Diez Freyle, Sumario compendioso de las Quentas de Plata y Oro en los Reynos del Piru."

The First Arithmetic and First Commercial Book printed in America.

1604 A.D.

[118] CHIRINO (Pedro). Relacion de las Islas Filipinas i do lo que en ellas an trabaiado Los Padres de la Compañia de Jesus.

4to, original vellum.

Roma, Por Estevan Paulino, 1604.

Sabin No. 12836.

£25

The early history of the Philippines and Moluccas, from the accounts they furnish of the first voyages through the Straits of Magellan and into the Pacific Ocean, are entitled to a place in an American library."

"The work is the earliest printed, giving an account of the linguistics of the islands. The author lived in the Philippines continuously, with the exception of a few years spent in Rome, from 1590 to 1635." Congress Philippine Bibliography, page 66. Tavera No. 795.

Retana Vol. I., No 57, devotes 5 pages to this work. Medina, Bibliografia de las Islas Filipinas No. 35 only knew of 1 copy of this scarce work. We know that originally only 200 copies were printed and presumably most of them were taken back to Manila by the author, where they must have perished, eaten by the white ants.

1605 A.D.

[119] LOPEZ DE CASTRO (Baltasar). Notary Public and Governor of the Supreme Court of San Domingo. Relacion de la execucion del arbitrio, para el remedio de los rescates en la Isla Española, y comprovacion della.

(Signed at end by the Author.)

22 pp., folio.

(Madrid, 1605.)

£15 15s

A most interesting account (well worth translating and publishing) of the adventures experienced by the author, who was sent to San Domingo to put an end to the system which obtained there of paying large sums of money to the English and Dutch pirates to leave the colonists and their island alone. He describes some of the forays of the pirates and his personal unpopularity on the island.

1605-1772 A.D. [120] TESTIMONIO por donde constan los Servicios del lizenciado Don Pedro de Hazaña, Oidor de las Reales Audiencias de Chile, y Charcas, y de su Hijo Don Juan de Hazaña Solis y Palacios, Cavallero del Orden de Sant. y al Alcalde Provincial de la Ciudad de Lima.

Manuscripts (in Spanish), and one printed document setting forth the services and merits of Don Pedro de Hazaña Solis y Palacios, and of his son, Don Juan de Hazaña Solis y Palacios; also of Don Pedro Antonio de Hazaña Maldonado; also the services, titles and purity of lineage of other relations.

208 pp., folio.

(1605-1772.)

£10 10s