Lawrence Scientific School, Engineering Library.

WORKS OF

PROFESSOR F. P. SPALDING

PUBLISHED BY

JOHN WILEY & SONS

A Text-Book on Roads and Pavements. The aim of this work is to give a brief discussion, from an engineering standpoint, of the principles involved in highway work, and to outline the more important systems of construction, with a view to forming a text which may serve as a basis for a systematic study of the subject. 12mo, cloth, $2.00.

Hydraulic Cement.-Its Properties, Testing, and Use.

This work embodies the results of a careful study of the nature and properties of hydraulic cement, and the various methods which have been proposed, or are in use, for testing cement. 12mo, cloth, $2.00.

ITS PROPERTIES, TESTING,

AND USE.

Lawrence Scientific School,

Engineering Library,

BY

Putnam

FREDERICK P. SPALDING,

Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering at Cornell University;
Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers.

ROBERT DRUMMOND, ELECTROTYPER AND PRINTER, NEW YORK,

PREFACE.

THE following pages contain the results of a careful study of the nature and properties of hydraulic cement, and the various methods which have been proposed, or are in use, for testing cement.

The subject is not so simple as it might seem to the casual observer, but abounds in contradictions in the results of experiments and conflicts of opinion between authorities, which at times are quite bewildering.

The views of the author, as derived from his own. observation of the behavior of cement in use or in the laboratory, have been stated without reserve, and free use has been made of the results of available European investigations. The recommendations of the recent commissions appointed in Europe for the study of the methods of testing materials are fully given in so far as they relate to cement.

The various tests applied for determining the quality of cement are discussed, and an effort is made to point out the limitations within which they may be accepted as reliable indications of value.

A chapter is given upon the use of cement in mortar and concrete, and a number of sample specifications are appended for the purpose of showing the present practice of leading American engineers.

ITHACA, N. Y., March, 1897.

F. P. S.