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1913.

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Biographical Tables and Notes

(Sir) John Arden of Park Hall. Esquire of the Body to Henry VII.

Thomas

Stringer
(children,
Ellice,

John and

Arden.)

Died before

October, 1576.

Robert Arden of Park Hall. (Wife unknown.)
Sheriff of Warwickshire and
Leicestershire, 1438.

Ex. on block, Wars of Roses, 1452.

I

Walter Arden of Park Hall

|

Robert Arden
of Wilmcote.
Died 1556.

(First wife,
mother of his

I

1

I

garet.

Thomas Arden Martin. Robert. Henry. William. Alicia Mar-
of Wilmcote in
the parish of
Aston Cant-
low. (Wife
unknown.)
Bought (with
others)

Snitterfield

land, 1501.

children, un-
known; second
wife, Agnes
Webbe, widow
of W. Hill.)

I

Katharine.
Married
Thomas
Edkins of
Wilmcote

Agnes. Joan.
Married, Married
first, John Edmund
Hewyns of Lambert of
Bearley Barton-on-
(children, the-Heath
Thomas (son, John.) Thomas.)
and
She died
Margaret); 1593; her
second, husband in
1550,

(son,

April, 1587.

(Wife, Eleanor Hampden.)

Margaret. Joyce. Alice. Mary Arden. Married,

Married

first,
Alexander
Webbe of

John
Shakespeare,
probably

son of

Bearley,
died 1573,
(son,

the farmer,
Richard
Shakespeare
of Snitter-

Robert);

second,

Edward

Cornwall
(or Cornell)

field, tenant
of Robert
Arden.

of

Snitterfield.

NOTE: The Ardens.

It is clear from the genealogical table that the Ardens were a family of gentle blood. The head of the house in Shakespeare's boyhood was Edward Arden of Park Hall, who had filled, in 1575, the office of High Sheriff of Warwickshire. He incurred the hatred of Lord Leicester, whose livery he refused to wear and whose immoralities he openly disapproved. Leicester found his opportunity for revenge when Arden's young sonin-law, John Somerville of Wootten-on-Wawen, who, like the Ardens of Park Hall, held to the old religion, started out one morning, in a half-crazed condition, talking wildly of going to London to kill the Queen. Not only was Somerville arrested and imprisoned, but his wife, sister, priest, and even the fatherin-law, with his wife and brother, were seized, taken to London and thrown into the Tower. After examinations, perhaps under torture, and a hasty trial, all except Somerville's wife and sister were condemned to die as traitors, but only Edward Arden actually suffered that barbarous death. Somerville was found strangled in his Newgate cell the day before that set for his execution, Francis Arden and Edward Arden's wife were ultimately released, but the gallant gentleman of Park Hall, almost certainly innocent, perished on the scaffold December 20, 1583. Sir Thomas Lucy had been active in the arrests, and it is apparently soon after this time that William Shakespeare, a youth of nineteen, though already a husband and father, disappeared from Warwickshire.

NOTE: The Shakespeares.

The name Shakespeare occurs from the 13th century on in the records of various English counties. The first Shakespeare as yet discovered in Warwickshire is one Thomas, a felon, who fled from the law in 1359. Toward the end of the fourteenth century there were landed Shakespeares at Baddesley, and this family held its own into the sixteenth. Shakespeare names appear, in the second half of the fifteenth century, on the register of the Guild of Knowle, whose membership embraced the leading people of the county. By the sixteenth century, there were Shakespeares in at least twenty-five towns. and villages of Warwickshire, and by the seventeenth, thirtyfour. These Warwickshire Shakespeares were, in general, of the yeoman class, living by the soil, by crafts and petty trade. Among the men, the most common names were William, John and Richard; among the women, the favorite name was Joan.