Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom UpBrookings Institution Press, 11 Eki 1996 - 208 sayfa ""Growing Artificial Societies" is a milestone in social science research. It vividly demonstrates the potential of agent-based computer simulation to break disciplinary boundaries. It does this by analyzing in a unified framework the dynamic interactions of such diverse activities as trade, combat, mating, culture, and disease. It is an impressive achievement." -- Robert Axelrod, University of Michigan How do social structures and group behaviors arise from the interaction of individuals? "Growing Artificial Societies" approaches this question with cutting-edge computer simulation techniques. Fundamental collective behaviors such as group formation, cultural transmission, combat, and trade are seen to "emerge" from the interaction of individual agents following a few simple rules. In their program, named Sugarscape, Epstein and Axtell begin the development of a "bottom up" social science that is capturing the attention of researchers and commentators alike. The study is part of the 2050 Project, a joint venture of the Santa Fe Institute, the World Resources Institute, and the Brookings Institution. The project is an international effort to identify conditions for a sustainable global system in the next century and to design policies to help achieve such a system. "Growing Artificial Societies" is also available on CD-ROM, which includes about 50 animations that develop the scenarios described in the text. "Copublished with the Brookings Institution" |
Kitabın içinden
37 sonuçtan 1-5 arası sonuçlar
... Markets of Bilateral Traders 108 Emergent Economic Networks 130 Social Computation , Emergent Computation 133 Summary and Conclusions 136 94 V. Disease Processes 138 Models of Disease Transmission and Immune Response 138 Immune System ...
... market - clearing " price and the welfare properties of these artificial markets.12 These issues are investigated for two distinct classes of agents : the idealized economic agents found in economics textbooks and agents that are non ...
... markets . The " equilibrium " price that emerges under bilateral trade has a differ- ent character than the general equilibrium price of neoclassical theory ; it is statistical in nature . One implication of statistical equilibrium is ...
... markets , left to their own devices , allo- cate goods and services efficiently . The theoretical case for this is the so - called First Theorem of welfare economics . However , when markets fail to arrive at equilibrium , the First ...
... market - clearing price . Price formation takes place by a process of completely decentralized bilateral trade between neighbors . Under some conditions prices converge to a statistical equilibrium . This artificial economy stands in ...
İçindekiler
Life and Death on the Sugarscape | 21 |
The Agents | 23 |
Artificial Society on the Sugarscape | 26 |
Wealth and Its Distribution in the Agent Population | 32 |
Social Networks of Neighbors | 37 |
Migration | 42 |
Summary | 51 |
Sex Culture and Conflict The Emergence of History | 54 |
Summary and Conclusions | 136 |
Disease Processes | 138 |
Immune System Response | 140 |
Disease Transmission | 145 |
Digital Diseases on the Sugarscape | 147 |
Disease Transmission Networks | 150 |
Conclusions | 153 |
Some Extensions of the Current Model | 162 |
Sexual Reproduction | 55 |
Cultural Processes | 71 |
Combat | 82 |
The ProtoHistory | 92 |
Sugar and Spice Trade Comes to the Sugarscape | 94 |
A Second Commodity | 96 |
Trade Rules | 101 |
Markets of Bilateral Traders | 108 |
Emergent Economic Networks | 130 |
Social Computation Emergent Computation | 133 |
Other Artificial Societies | 165 |
Formal Analysis of Artificial Societies | 176 |
Generative Social Science | 177 |
Looking Ahead | 178 |
Software Engineering Aspects of Artificial Societies | 179 |
Summary of Rule Notation | 182 |
StateDependence of the Welfare Function | 186 |
190 | |
203 | |