tion of the bishops, to whom the care of these things is enjoined, that at their will, a greater indulgence in proportion to their labour, be granted unto them: but we order that those, who shall contemptuously have refused to obey the warning of the bishops in this respect, be estranged from the participation in the body and blood of the Lord, &c.

committimus, ut ad eorum arbitrium, secundum modum laboris, major eis indulgentia tribuatur: Illos autem, qui admonitioni episcoporum in hujusmodi parte parere contempserint, a perceptione corporis et sanguinis Domini jubemus fieri alienos," &c.— Conc. x. 1518-9.

XII. LATERAN, IV. A.D. 1215.

CANON I.-(On the Catholic Faith, and Transubstantiation.)

But there is one universal Church of the faithful, out of which no one at all is saved. In which Jesus Christ himself is at once priest and sacrifice: whose body and blood in the sacrament of the altar are truly contained under the species of bread and wine, which, through the Divine power, are transubstantiated, the bread into the body, and

Canon I.

Una vero est fidelium universalis Ecclesia, extra quam nullus omnino salvatur. In qua idem ipse sacerdos et sacrificium Jesus Christus: cujus corpus et sanguis in sacramento altaris sub speciebus panis et vini veraciter continentur; tran

the wine into the blood, that for the fulfilment of the mystery of unity, we may receive of his that which he received of ours.

substantiatis, pane in corpus, vino in sanguinem, potestate Divina, ut ad perficiendum mysterium unitatis accipiamus ipsi de suo quod accepit de nostro.-Conc. xi. 143.

CANON III.-(Papal authority over the possessions of Sovereign Princes.)

We excommunicate and anathematize every heresy which exalteth itself against this holy, orthodox, and Catholic faith, which we have set forth above: condemning all heretics, by whatsoever names they may be reckoned: who have indeed diverse faces, but their tails are bound together, for they make agreement in the same folly.

Let such persons, when condemned, be left to the secular powers who may be present, or to their officers, to be punished in a fitting manner, those who are of the clergy being first degraded from their

Canon III.

Excommunicamus et anathematizamus omnem hæresim extollentem se adversus hanc sanctam, orthodoxam, Catholicam fidem, quam superius exposuimus: condemnantes universos hæreticos, quibuscumque nominibus censeantur: facies quidem habentes diversas, sed caudas ad invicem colligatas, quia de vanitate conveniunt in id ipsum.

Damnati vero, sæcularibus potestatibus præsentibus, aut eorum bailivis, relinquantur, animadversione debita puniendi, clericis

orders: so that the goods of such condemned persons, being laymen, shall be confiscated; but in the case of clerks, be applied to the churches from which they received their stipends.

But let those who are only marked with suspicion, be smitten with the sword of anathema, and shunned by all men until they make proper satisfaction, unless, according to the grounds of suspicion and the quality of the person, they shall have demonstrated their innocence by a proportionate purgation. So that if any shall persevere in excommunication for a twelvemonth, thenceforth they shall be condemned as heretics. And let the secular powers, whatever offices they may hold, be induced and admonished, and, if need be, compelled by ecclesiastical censure, that, as they desire to be accounted faithful, they should, for the defence of the faith, publicly set forth an oath, that to the utmost of their power they will strive to exterminate from the lands under their

prius a suis ordinibus degradatis: ita quod bona hujusmodi damnatorum, si laici fuerint, confiscentur; si vero clerici, applicentur ecclesiis a quibus stipendia perceperunt.

Qui autem inventi fuerint sola suspicione notabiles, nisi juxta considerationes suspicionis, qualitatemque personæ, propriam innocentiam congrua purgatione monstraverint, anathematis gladio feriantur, et usque ad satisfactionem condignam ab omnibus evitentur; ita quod si per annum in excommunicatione perstiterint, extunc velut hæretici condemnentur. Moneantur autem et inducantur, et, si necesse fuerit, per censuram ecclesiasticam compellantur, sæculares potestates, quibuscumque fungantur officiis, ut sicut reputari cupiunt et haberi fideles, ita pro defensione fidei præstent publicè juramentum, quod de terris suæ jurisdictioni

jurisdiction all heretics who shall be denounced by the Church; so that whensoever any person is advanced, either to spiritual or temporal power, he be bound to confirm this decree with an oath.

But if any temporal lord, being required and admonished by the Church, shall neglect to cleanse his country of this heretical filth, let him be bound with the chain of excommunication, by the Metropolitan, and the other co-provincial bishops. And if he shall scorn to make satisfaction within a year, let this be signified to the Supreme Pontiff: that, thenceforth, he may declare his vassals to be absolved from their fidelity to him, and may expose his land to be occupied by the Catholics, who, having exterminated the heretics, may, without contradiction, possess it, and preserve it in purity of faith: saving the right of the chief lord, so long as he himself presents no difficulty and offers no hindrance in this matter: the

subjectis universos hæreticos ab Ecclesia denotatos bona fide pro viribus exterminare studebunt; ita quodammodo, quandocumque quis fuerit in potestatem sive spiritalem, sive temporalem assumptus, hoc teneatur capitulum juramento firmare.

Si vero dominus temporalis requisitus et monitus ab Ecclesia, terram suam purgare neglexerit ab hac hæretica fœditate, per Metropolitanum et cæteros comprovinciales episcopos excommunicationis vinculo innodetur. Et si satisfacere contempserit infra annum, significetur hoc Summo Pontifici: ut extunc ipse vassallos ab ejus fidelitate denunciet absolutos, et terram exponat Catholicis occupandam, qui eam exterminatis hæreticis sine ulla contradictione possideant, et in fidei puritate conservent: salvo jure domini principalis, dummodo super hoc ipse nullum præstet

and fools, readily derive advantage. For that which speech in words, the same also doth the coloured writing (or painting) preach and command. And it is fitting, and agreeable to reason, and the most ancient tradition, that, for the honour's sake, the images should be derivatively honoured and adored, because they are referred to the principals, like as the book of the Holy Gospels, and the figure of the precious cross. If any man therefore does not worship the image of the Saviour Christ, let him not behold His form when He shall come in the glory of His Father, to be glorified, and to glorify His saints; but let him be estranged from His communion and excellency. In like manner also, we both honour and adore the image of His undefiled mother Mary, the mother of God; (moreover, also, we paint the images of the holy angels, as the Holy Scripture represents them in words;) and also the images of

cuncti, ex eo quod in promptu est perfruuntur utilitate; quæ enim in syllabis sermo, hæc et scriptura (alias pictura) quæ ir coloribus est prædicat, et commendat; et dignum est, ut secun dum congruentiam rationis, et antiquissimam traditionem, propter honorem, quia ad principalia ipsa referuntur, etiam derivativè iconæ honorentur, et adorentur æque ut Sanctorum Sacer Evangeliorum liber, atque typus preciosa crucis. Si quis ergo non adorat iconam Salvatoris Christi, non videat formam ejus, quando veniet in gloria Paterna glorificari et glorificare sanctos guos; sed alienus sit a communione ipsius et charitate: similiter autem et imaginem intemeratæ matris ejus, et Dei genitricis Mariæ; insuper et iconas sanctorum angelorum depingimus, quemadmodum eos figurat verbis divina Scriptura; sed et laudabilissimorum