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an excess of severity ye rather injure the church; for it says, all men cannot endure the denial of all the affections. No one, I think, will be preserved in chastity, when men are deprived of their own wives. But I consider a man's intercourse with his lawful wife to be excellent chastity; and that she cannot be separated whom God has joined, and whom the man, when a reader, or singer, or layman, bas once married. And these things the great Paphnutius spake, though he was himself unmarried, having been brought up in a monastery from his childhood. Wherefore the whole assembly of bishops being persuaded by the man's advice, ceased from that question, and left it to the judgment of all, who were so disposed, by mutual consent to abstain from their own wives.

ἐκκλησίαν μᾶλλον προσβλάψητε· οὐ γάρ, φησὶ, πάντας δύνασθαι φέρειν τῆς ἀπαθείας τὴν ἄσκησιν. οὐδεὶς, ὡς οἶμαι, φυλαχθήσεται ἐν τῇ σωφροσύνῃ, τῆς ἑκάστου γαμετῆς τοῦ ἀνδρὸς στερουμένου. σωφροσύνην δὲ καλὴν καὶ τῆς νομίμου γαμετῆς ἑκάστου τὴν συνέλευσιν λέγω· μὴ μὴν ἀποζεύγνυσθαι ταύτην ἣν ὁ Θεὸς ἔζευξε, καὶ ἣν ἅπαξ ἀναγνώστης, ψάλτης, ἢ λαϊκὸς ὢν ἠγάγετο· καὶ ταῦτα ἔλεγεν ὁ μέγας Παφνούτιας ἄπειρος ὢν γάμου, διὰ τὸ νηπιόθεν ἐν ἀσκητηρίοις ἀνατρέφεσθαι αὐτόν. διὸ πεισθεὶς ὁ πᾶς τῶν ἐπισκόπων σύλλογος τῇ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς συμβουλίᾳ, ἀπεσίγησε περὶ τοῦ ζητήματος τούτου, τῇ γνώμη καταλήψαντες τῶν βουλομένων κατὰ συμφωνίαν ἀπέχεσθαι τῆς ἰδίας γαμετῆς.—Conc. ii. 246. 248.

II. COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE I. A.D. 381.

CANON II.-(Against the Usurpations of the Bishop of Rome.)

Let not the bishops go out of their diocese (patriarchate), to churches beyond their bounds, nor cause a confusion of Churches; but, according to the canons, let the Bishop of Alexandria order the affairs in Egypt only; and the bishops of the East the East only; saving the dignity to the Church of Antioch, expressed in the canons of Nice, &c.

Let not the bishops go out of the diocese for ordination, or any other ecclesiastical offices, unless they are summoned; but, observing the above-written canon concerning dioceses, it is clear, that the synod of each province will manage the affairs of the province according to the decrees of Nice.

Κάνων β'.

Τοὺς ὑπὲρ διοίκησιν ἐπισκόπους, ταῖς ὑπερορίοις ἐκκλησίαις μὴ ἐπιέναι, μηδὲ συγχέειν τὰς ἐκκλησίας· ἀλλὰ κατὰ τοὺς κανόνας, τὸν μὲν ̓Αλεξανδρείας ἐπίσκοπον τὰ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ μόνον οἰκονομεῖν. τοὺς δὲ τῆς ἀνατολῆς ἐπισκόπους τὴν ἀνατολὴν μόνην διοικεῖν. φυλαττομένων τῶν ἐν τοῖς κανόσι τοῖς κατὰ Νικαίαν πρεσβείων τῇ Αντιοχέων ἐκκλησίᾳ, κ. τ. λ.

̓Ακλήτους δὲ ἐπισκόπους ὑπὲρ διοίκησιν μὴ ἐπιβαίνειν ἐπὶ χειροτονίαις, ἤ τισιν ἄλλαις οἰκονομίαις ἐκκλησιαστικαῖς. φυλαττομένου δὲ τοῦ προγεγραμμένου περὶ τῶν διοικησέων κανόνος, ἔνδηλον ὡς τὰ καθ ̓ ἑκάστην ἐπαρχίαν ἡ τῆς επαρχίας σύνοδος διοικήσει, κατὰ τὰ ἐν Νικαίᾳ ὡρισμένα, κ. τ. λ.—Conc. ii. 947.

CANON III.-(Against the claim of the Bishop of Rome, as Successor to St. Peter.)

Let the Bishop of Constantinople have rank, next after the Bishop of Rome, for Constantinople is new Rome.

Κάνων γ ́.

Τὸν μέντοι Κωνσταντινουπόλεως ἐπίσκοπον ἔχειν τὰ πρεσβεῖα τῆς τιμῆς μετὰ τὸν τῆς Ῥώμης ἐπίσκοπον, διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὴν νέαν Ῥώμην.—Conc. ii. 947.

CANON VI.-(Against the Intrusion of the Roman Bishops and Clergy into the English Dioceses.)

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By heretics we mean both those who have formerly been declared so by the church, and those who have since been anathematized by us; and, in addition to these, those who, while they pretend to confess to sound faith, have separated themselves and made congregations contrary to our canonical bishops

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Κάνων ς'.

— Αἱρετικοὺς δὲ λέγομεν, τούς τε πάλαι τῆς ἐκκλησίας αποτ κηρυχθέντας, καὶ τοὺς μετὰ ταῦτα ὑφ ̓ ἡμῶν ἀναθεματισθέντας" πρὸς δὲ τούτοις καὶ τοὺς τὴν πίστιν μὲν τὴν ὑγιῆ προσποιουμένους ὁμολογεῖν, ἀποσχισθέντας δὲ καὶ ἀντισυνάγοντας τοῖς κανονικοῖς ἡμῶν ἐπισκόποις, κ. τ. λ.—Conc. ii. 950.

FROM THE SYNODICAL EPISTLE OF THE BISHOPS AT CONSTANTINOPLE ΤΟ THE WESTERN BISHOPS ASSEMBLED AT ROME.

(Against the Claim of the Church of Rome to be considered the Mother of all Churches.)

"We acknowledge the most venerable Cyril, most beloved of God, to be Bishop of the Church of Jerusalem, which is the mother of all churches."

....

τῆς δέ γε μητρὸς ἀπασῶν τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν τῆς ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις τὸν αἰδεσιμώτατον καὶ θεοφιλέστατον Κύριλλον ἐπίσκοπον εἶναι Yvwpiloμev.-Conc. ii. 966.

III. COUNCIL OF EPHESUS,

A. D. 438.

ACTION 6.-DECREE OF THE SYNOD CONCERNING THE FAITH.

(Against the Creed of Pope Pius.)

The Holy Synod determined that it should not be lawful for any one to set forth, write, or compose any other creed than that which was determined by the holy Fathers who assembled at Nice in the Holy Ghost; and that if any shall dare to compose any other creed, or adduce or present it to those who are willing to be converted to the knowledge of the truth, either from heathenism or Judaism, or any heresy whatsoever; such persons, if bishops, shall be deprived of their episcopal office, if clergy, of the clerical, &c.

ΠΡΑΞΙΣ 5 ́. Ὅρος τῆς συνόδου περὶ τῆς πίστεως.

ὥρισεν ἡ ἁγία σύνοδος ἑτέραν πίστιν μηδενὶ ἐξεῖναι προσφέρειν, ἡγοῦν συγγράφειν, ἢ συντιθέναι παρὰ τὴν ὁρισθεῖσαν παρὰ τῶν ἁγίων πατέρων τῶν ἐν τῇ Νικαέων συνελθόντων σὺν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι· τοὺς δὲ τολμῶντας ἢ συντιθέναι πίστιν ἑτέραν ἤγουν προκομίζειν, ἢ προσφέρειν τοῖς ἐθέλουσιν ἐπιστρέφειν εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν τῆς ἀληθείας, ἢ ἐξ ἑλληνισμοῦ, ἢ ἐξ ἰουδαϊσμοῦ, ἢ ἐξ αἱρέσεως οἱασδηποτοῦν· τούτοις, εἰ μὲν εἶεν ἐπίσκοποι ἢ κληρικοὶ, ἀλλοτρίους εἶναι τοὺς ἐπισκόπους τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς καὶ τοὺς κληρικοὺς τοῦ κλήρου, κ. τ. λ. Conc. iii. 689.

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