Ethical theory : an anthology

Preface. Acknowledgments. Part I: The Status of Morality. Introduction. 1. "Of the Influencing Motives of the Will" & "Moral Distinctions Not Derived from Reason": David Hume. 2. A Critique of Ethics: A. J. Ayer. 3. The Subjectivity of Values: J. L. Mackie. 4. Ethics and Observation: Gilbert Harman. 5. Moral Relativism Defended: Gilbert Harman. 6. The Subject Matter of Ethics: G. E. Moore. 7. Trying Out One's New Sword: Mary Midgley. 8. Ethics as Philosophy: A Defense of Ethical Nonnaturalism: Russ Shafer-Landau. 9. Realism: Michael Smith. Part II: Moral Knowledge. Introduction. 10. Thinking about Cases: Shelley Kagan. 11. But I Could Be Wrong: George Sher. 12. Proof: Renford Brambrough. 13. Moral Knowledge and Ethical Pluralism: Robert Audi. 14. Coherentism and the Justification of Moral Beliefs: Geoffrey Sayre-McCord. Part III: Why Be Moral?. Introduction. 15. The Immoralist's Challenge: Plato. 16. Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives: Philippa Foot. 17. The Reconciliation Project: Gregory S. Kavka. 18. Moral Rationalism: Russ Shafer-Landau. 19. Psychological Egoism: Joel Feinberg. 20. Flourishing Egoism: Lester Hunt. 21. Ethical Egoism: James Rachels. 22. Moral Saints: Susan Wolf. Part IV: Ethics and Religion. Introduction. 23. Euthyphro: Plato. 24. A New Divine Command Theory: Robert Merrihew Adams. 25. God and Objective Morality: A Debate: William Lane Craig and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong. 26. God and Immortality as Postulates of Pure Practical Reason: Immanuel Kant. 27. God and the Moral Order: C. Stephen Layman. 28. God and Morality: Erik Wielenberg. Part V: Value. Introduction. 29. Hedonism: John Stuart Mill. 30. The Experience Machine: Robert Nozick. 31. The Good Life: A Defense of Attitudinal Hedonism: Fred Feldman. 32. The Informed Desire Account: James Griffin. 33. Desire and the Human Good: Richard Kraut. 34. What Things are Good?: W. D. Ross. 35. What Makes Someone's Life Go Best: Derek Parfit. Part VI: Moral Responsibility. Introduction. 36. Determinism and the Theory of Agency: Richard Taylor. 37. The Impossibility of Moral Responsibility: Galen Strawson. 38. Freedom and Necessity: A. J. Ayer. 39. Moral Luck: Thomas Nagel. 40. Sanity and the Metaphysics of Responsibility: Susan Wolf. 41. Freedom and Resentment: Peter Strawson. Part VII: Moral Standing. Introduction. 42. We Have No Duties to Animals: Immanuel Kant. 43. All Animals are Equal: Peter Singer. 44. The Rights of Animals and Unborn Generations: Joel Feinberg. 45. On Being Morally Considerable: Kenneth Goodpaster. 46. Abortion and Infanticide: Michael Tooley. 47. Why Abortion is Immoral: Don Marquis. Part VIII: Consequentialism. Introduction. 48. Utilitarianism: John Stuart Mill. 49. The Consequentialist Perspective: William Shaw. 50. Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism: J. J. C. Smart. 51. Rule Consequentialism: Brad Hooker. 52. What is Wrong with Slavery: R. M. Hare. 53. Famine, Affluence and Morality: Peter Singer. 54. The Survival Lottery: John Harris. Part IX: Deontology. Introduction. 55. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: Immanuel Kant. 56. Kant's Principle of Universal Law: Christine Korsgaard. 57. Kantian Approaches to Some Famine Problems: Onora O'Neill. 58. The Rationality of Side Constraints: Robert Nozick. 59. The Golden Rule Rationalized: Alan Gewirth. 60. The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of Double Effect: Philippa Foot. 61. Killing, Letting Die, and The Trolley Problem: Judith Jarvis Thomson. Part X: Contractarianism. Introduction. 62. Leviathan: Thomas Hobbes. 63. Why Contractarianism?: David Gauthier. 64. A Theory of Justice: John Rawls. 65. Contractualism and Utilitarianism: T. M. Scanlon. Part XI: Virtue Ethics. Introduction. 66. The Nature of Virtue: Aristotle. 67. Non-Relative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach: Martha Nussbaum. 68. Normative Virtue Ethics: Rosalind Hursthouse. 69. Agent-Based Virtue Ethics: Michael Slote. 70. A Virtue Ethical Account of Right Action: Christine Swanton. 71. Being Virtuous and Doing the Right Thing: Julia Annas. Part XII: Prima Facie Duties and Particularism. Introduction. 72. What Makes Right Actions Right?: W. D. Ross. 73. An Unconnected Heap of Duties?: David McNaughton. 74. An Unprincipled Ethic: Jonathan Dancy. 75. On Knowing the Why: Particularism and Moral Theory: Margaret Little. 76. Unprincipled Ethics: Gerald Dworkin